Tafsir for verses: 85:17, 85:18, 85:19, 85:20, 85:21, 85:22
هَلۡ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ٱلۡجُنُودِ ١٧ ﴿17 فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَثَمُودَ ١٨ ﴿18 بَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ فِي تَكۡذِيبٖ ١٩ ﴿19 وَٱللَّهُ مِن وَرَآئِهِم مُّحِيطُۢ ٢٠ ﴿20 بَلۡ هُوَ قُرۡءَانٞ مَّجِيدٞ ٢١ ﴿21 فِي لَوۡحٖ مَّحۡفُوظِۭ ٢٢ ﴿22
17Has there come to you the story of the forces, 18of Fir‘aun (Pharaoh) and Thamūd? 19But those who disbelieve are (engaged) in denying (the truth). 20Allah has encompassed them from all sides. 21The reality is that it is the glorious Qur’ān, 22(recorded) in the Preserved Tablet (LauH MaHfūZ).
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Commentary

His saying, exalted and glorious is He: "Has the story of the soldiers reached you?" "Pharaoh and Thamud." "Rather, those who disbelieve are in denial." "And Allah is encompassing them from behind." "Rather, it is a glorious Qur'an." "In a preserved tablet." This is a pause for the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, meaning: Make these disbelievers who oppose you behind your back and do not worry. Allah, exalted and high is He, has taken vengeance on those strong and mighty ones, so how about these? And "the soldiers" refers to the groups prepared for fighting and rushing towards one goal. Pharaoh is mentioned in place of his people and family as he was their head. "Pharaoh and Thamud" is in a position of preservation as a substitute for "the soldiers." Then He left the saying as it is and turned to inform that these disbelievers against Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, have no proof against him nor any argument. Rather, it is mere denial caused by envy. Then He threatened them with His saying, exalted and high is He: "And Allah is encompassing them from behind," meaning, the punishment of Allah, exalted and high is He, and His wrath. His saying, exalted and high is He: "from behind them," means what comes after their disbelief and disobedience. Then He, exalted is He, turned away from their denial, invalidating it and responding to it, that it is a glorious Qur'an, meaning: there is no blame in it. This is what has preceded in the description of none other than Allah, exalted and high is He, with glory and majesty. Ibn al-Samaifah al-Yamani read: "a glorious Qur'an" in the genitive, and that Allah, exalted and high is He, is the glorious one and "the tablet" is the preserved tablet in which all things are contained. The majority of reciters read: "in a preserved tablet" with the preposition as an attribute of the tablet known by this attribute. Nafi alone, with a difference from him, and Ibn Muhaysin and al-A'raj read: "preserved" in the nominative as an attribute of the Qur'an, in the manner of His saying, exalted is He: "And indeed, We are its preservers" [Al-Hijr: 9], meaning it is preserved in the hearts and cannot be reached by error or alteration. Anas said: The preserved tablet is in the forehead of Israfil, peace be upon him, and it is said to be made of white pearl, as said by Ibn Abbas. All of this is what the chains of narration have limited. Ibn al-Samaifah read: "in a tablet" with the lam pronounced. The interpretation of Surah [Al-Burooj] is complete, and all praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds.

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Ibn AtiyyahʿAbd al-Ḥaqq ibn Ghālib Ibn ʿAṭiyyah
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