Commentary
'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' Allah, the Exalted, says: "And Noah said, 'My Lord, do not leave upon the earth any of the disbelievers.' "Indeed, if You leave them, they will mislead Your servants and will not give birth except to a wicked, ungrateful one.' "My Lord, forgive me and my parents and whoever enters my home as a believer, and the believing men and believing women. And do not increase the wrongdoers except in destruction.'" It has been narrated from Muhammad ibn Ka'b, Al-Rabi', and Ibn Zayd that Noah, peace be upon him, did not make this supplication until Allah, the Exalted, had removed every believer from their loins, and He made the wombs of the women barren before the punishment for seventy years. Qatadah said, and after it was revealed to him that no one from your people will believe except for those who have already believed. He had previously been hopeful for them. In the hadith of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, "Sometimes he was struck by some of them until he would faint, and when he regained consciousness, he would say: 'O Allah, forgive my people, for they do not know.'" And "Diyar" is originally "Diywar," which is a form of "Fay'al" from "Dawran," meaning from one who comes and goes. It is said from it: "Dawwar," and its weight is "Fa'al," and "Diyar" with the weight of "Fay'al," and its origin is "Diywar." This is like "Qiwam" and "Qiyam." The majority of the people read: "And for my parents," while Ubayy ibn Ka'b read: "And for my two parents," and Sa'id ibn Jubayr read: "And for my father" with a kasrah on the dal, specifying his father in the supplication. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: There was no disbeliever for Noah from between him and Adam, peace be upon them. Yahya ibn Ya'mur and Al-Jahdari read: "And for my two sons" with a fatḥah on the lam and a stressed ya' that is opened, which is the reading of Al-Nakha'i, specifying in the supplication his two sons. And his house is the mosque, according to what Ibn Abbas and the majority of the interpreters said. Ibn Abbas also said: His house is his legislation and his religion; he borrowed for them the term house, as it is said: the dome of Islam and the tent of religion. It is said that he meant his ship, and it is said his dwelling. His saying: "And for the believing men and believing women" is a general supplication for the believers of every nation. Some scholars said: The one who responded to Noah, peace be upon him, and drowned the disbelievers of the earth by his supplication is worthy to respond to him and have mercy on the believers by his supplication. And "Al-Tabar" is destruction and the disappearance of the trace. Hafs narrated from Asim, and Hisham and Abu Qurra from Nafi': "My house" with the ya' being pronounced, while the others read it with the ya' being silent. The interpretation of Surah [Noah] has been completed, and all praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds.
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