Commentary
'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' His saying - glorified and exalted is He -: "And the companions of Paradise called to the companions of the Fire, 'Indeed, we have found what our Lord promised us to be true. So have you found what your Lord promised you to be true?' They said, 'Yes.' Then a caller called out among them, 'The curse of Allah is upon the wrongdoers'" (those who hinder from the path of Allah and seek to make it crooked while they are disbelievers in the Hereafter). This is news from Allah - glorified and exalted is He - about what will happen to them. He expressed future meanings in a past tense form. This is good regarding what has been confirmed to occur. This calling from the people of Paradise to the people of the Fire is a reprimand and a rebuke, and an increase in their distress. It is as if they are overlooking them, and perception is created in the hearing and the sight. The majority of the people read: 'Yes' with a فتح (fatḥ) on the 'ayn. Al-Kisai read: 'Yes' with a كسر (kasr) on the 'ayn. It has been narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab - may Allah be pleased with him - and from the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him -; and Ibn Wathab and al-Amash read it. Al-Akhfash said: They are two dialects; and Sibawayh did not relate the kasr, and he said: 'Yes' is a count and affirmation, meaning: once this, and once that. In the book of Abu Hatim from al-Kisai, from a sheikh from the children of al-Zubair, he said: I used to hear the elders of Quraysh say only 'Yes' with a kasr on the 'ayn; then I lost it afterward. And it is narrated from Qatadah: 'From a man from Khath'am who said: I said to the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him -: Do you claim that you are a prophet? He said: 'Yes' with a kasr on the 'ayn.' And it is narrated from Abu Uthman al-Nahdi who said: Umar - may Allah be pleased with him - asked about something and they said: 'Yes'; then Umar - may Allah be pleased with him - said: 'The yes is the camels and the sheep; say: Yes' with a kasr on the 'ayn.' Abu Hatim said: This dialect is not known today in the two sanctuaries. And His saying, the Exalted: "Then a caller called out among them"; the verse; Abu Ali al-Farisi, al-Tabari, and others said: "A caller called out among them" means: "An informant informed." Sibawayh said: "I called out": is informing with a sound. Ibn Kathir read in the narration of Qunbul; and Nafi, Abu Amr, and Asim; "'The curse of Allah'" with a light 'an' from the heavy one; and raising 'curse.' Ibn Amir, Hamzah, al-Kisai, and Ibn Kathir in the narration of al-Bizzi and Shibl read: "'That the curse'" with a heavy 'an' and the accusative 'curse.' All of them read what is in Surah al-Nur: "'That the curse of Allah'" and "'That the anger of Allah'" with a strengthened noon, except Nafi, for he read them: "'The curse'" and "'The anger'" as lightened. And 'Ismah narrated from al-Amash: "A caller among them indeed" with a kasr on the alif, based on an implied saying. The judge Abu Muhammad - may Allah have mercy on him - said: Since the calling is a saying, and the wrongdoers in this verse are the disbelievers.
Then he began describing them by their actions in this world to be a sign that the people of this description are the ones intended on the Day of Resurrection by His saying: "Indeed, the curse of Allah is upon the wrongdoers"; and "they hinder"; its meaning is: they turn away; and "the way": the path; and it can be masculine or feminine; and its feminine form is more common; and "and they seek it"; its meaning is: they request it; or they seek for it; if you consider it as they seek it; then "crookedness"; is in the accusative case as a description; and it is correct that it can refer back to the pronoun returning to "the way"; meaning: "crooked"; and it is correct that it can refer to the pronoun of the plural in "and they seek it"; meaning: "crooked ones"; and if it is considered as "they seek it": they seek for it; and this is the apparent interpretation of al-Tabari - may Allah have mercy on him -; so "crookedness"; is the object of "they seek"; and "the crookedness"; with a kasra on the 'ain; in matters and meanings; and "the crooked"; with a fatha on the 'ain; in bodies and forms.
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