His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "And obey Allah and obey the Messenger. But if you turn away, then upon Our Messenger is the clear conveyance." "Allah, there is no deity except Him, and upon Allah let the believers rely." "O you who have believed, indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them. But if you pardon and overlook and forgive, then indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful." "Indeed, your wealth and your children are a trial, and Allah has with Him a great reward."

His saying, exalted is He: "And obey" is connected to His saying "So believe." And His saying, glorified and exalted is He: "But if you turn away" until the end of the verse is a warning and a declaration of innocence for Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, when he conveys. And in His saying, exalted is He: "And upon Allah let the believers rely" is an encouragement for the believers to strive against the disbelievers and to be patient in the religion of Allah, exalted is He.

And His saying, exalted is He: "O you who have believed, indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them" until the end of the surah, is a Medinan Quran. The people differed regarding its reason. 'Ata ibn Abi Rabah said: It was revealed concerning 'Awf ibn Malik al-Ashja'i, as he intended to go on a campaign with the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him. His family and children gathered and discouraged him and complained to him about his separation from them, so he did not go on the campaign. Then he regretted and intended to punish them, so the verse was revealed warning against the trials of wives and children. Then Allah, exalted is He, diverted him from punishing them by His saying, glorified and exalted is He: "And if you pardon and overlook and forgive."

Some of the interpreters said the reason for the verse is that a group believed in Allah, exalted is He, but their wives and children discouraged them from migration, so they did not migrate except after a period of time. They found others who had gained knowledge of the religion, and they regretted and were saddened and intended to punish their wives and children.

Then Allah, exalted is He, informed that wealth and children are a trial that distracts a person from his objectives and leads him from the desire for this world to what he does not praise in his Hereafter. Among them is the saying of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him: "Children are a source of stinginess and cowardice." Abu Dawood narrated in his collection that the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, was delivering a sermon on Friday when al-Hasan and al-Husayn, may Allah be pleased with them, came in wearing red shirts, dragging them and stumbling. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, descended from the pulpit until he took them and ascended with them, then he recited this verse and said: "I saw these two and could not be patient, then he resumed his sermon."

Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: And this and similar matters are the trial of the virtuous. As for the trial of the ignorant and the wicked, it leads to every destruction. Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "Let none of you say: O Allah, protect me from trials, for no one returns to family and wealth except that he is encompassed by trials. But let him say: O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the misleading trials." Umar said to Hudhayfah, may Allah be pleased with them both: How did you wake up? He said: I woke up loving trials and hating the truth. Umar said: What is this? He said: I love my child and hate death.

And His saying, exalted is He: "And Allah has with Him a great reward" is a deterrent from this world and an encouragement for the Hereafter.