His saying, exalted and majestic is He:

﴿What Allah has given as spoils to His Messenger from the people of the towns, it is for Allah and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and the orphans, the needy, and the traveler, so that it does not become a commodity exchanged among the rich among you. And whatever the Messenger has given you - take it; and what he has forbidden you - refrain from it. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is severe in punishment.﴾

﴿[It is] for the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and their properties, seeking bounty from Allah and [His] pleasure and supporting Allah and His Messenger. Those are the truly righteous.﴾

The people of the towns mentioned in this verse are the people of Safra, and the spring, and the valley of the towns, and those towns of the Arabs which are called Arab towns. Its ruling is different from that of Banu Nadir. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, did not keep anything from this for himself, but rather he allocated it to others. This is because at that time it was opened, and the people differed regarding the nature of its opening. It was said that the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, invaded it, and he sent a battalion to every place, and its people obeyed and gave it to him. It was from that which he did not encamp upon, and its ruling is the ruling of spoils. And there is no abrogation in the verse regarding this interpretation. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, gave all of that to the emigrants and did not give the Ansar anything from it. And Qatadah and Yazid ibn Rumaan said: These towns had been encamped upon, but this is the ruling of what is encamped upon. Then Allah, the Exalted, abrogated this ruling with the verse of Al-Anfal, making the fifth for these categories, while the remaining four-fifths are for the fighters. And this verse of this surah does not contain anything for the fighters. This statement is weak because the verse of Al-Anfal was revealed after Badr, a year and some time before the matter of these towns. And 'the near relatives' in this verse refers to the relatives of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, who were prohibited from receiving charity, so they were compensated from the spoils.

And His saying, exalted and majestic is He: ﴿So that it does not become a commodity exchanged among the rich among you﴾ is addressed to the Ansar because there was no rich person among the emigrants at that time. The majority of the people read

It is narrated that a group of the Ansar spoke about these newly opened villages and said: 'We have our share from them.' Then the saying of Allah, the Most High, was revealed: ﴿And whatever the Messenger gives you, take it﴾. This was a lesson in that and a reprimand. Then the meaning of the verse continued in the commands and prohibitions of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, until some people said: 'Indeed, wine is forbidden in the Book of Allah, the Most High, by this verse.' Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, derived from it the curse of the tattooer and the one who gets tattooed... the hadith. He saw a person in ihram wearing stitched clothing and said to him: 'Remove this from you.' The man said to him: 'Do you recite to me with that a verse from the Book of Allah, the Most High?' Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 'Yes,' and he recited this verse.

And His saying, the Most High: 'For the poor emigrants' is an explanation of His saying: ﴿And the needy and the wayfarer﴾. He repeated the preposition 'for' because the first was governed by 'for' to clarify that the substitution is from it. Then He described them, the Most High, with the attribute that necessitates their poverty and requires compassion for them, which is their expulsion from their homes and their wealth. All the emigrants were either expelled by the disbelievers or their conditions and the appearance of the disbelievers and the obligation of emigration at that time. He described them with poverty even if they had some wealth, which is the state of poverty in the language. This has already been explained in Surah [Al-Kahf]. And His saying, the Most High: 'They seek' is in the position of a state, and the bounty and pleasure refers to the Hereafter and Paradise. And the help of Allah is the support of His Law and His Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him.

And 'the truthful' in this verse combines the truth of the tongue and the truth of actions because their actions regarding their emigration were in accordance with their words.