His saying, exalted and majestic is He:

﴿In them are good and beautiful things﴾ ﴿So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?﴾ ﴿Hooris, restrained in tents﴾ ﴿So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?﴾ ﴿No human or jinn has touched them before them﴾ ﴿So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?﴾ ﴿Reclining on green cushions and exquisite carpets﴾ ﴿So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?﴾ ﴿Blessed is the name of your Lord, the Lord of Glory and Honor﴾

"Good things" is the plural of "good thing," which are the best of women. This is from the saying of the poet:

And I have pierced the hearts of the noble women, the best of the queens of India.

And Umm Salamah, may Allah be pleased with her, said: "I said: O Messenger of Allah, inform me about His saying, the Most High: 'Good and beautiful things.' He said: 'Good in character, beautiful in faces.'" And Abu Bakr ibn Habib al-Sahmi read: "Good things" with a heavy kasrah on the ya, and Abu Amr read with a fatha on the ya.

And His saying, the Most High: "Restrained" means: hidden and protected. The Arabs used to praise women for remaining in their homes. This is from the saying of the poet:

.......... And she neglects visiting them, so she is excused.

He describes that her neighbors visit her, but she does not visit them. It is reported that the house of al-A'sha was criticized, and this is his saying:

As if her walk from her neighbor's house is like the passing of a cloud, neither slow nor hasty.

It was said in criticism of him: This is a wandering, roaming woman. And from the praise of the tent is the saying of Kuthayyir:

And you are the one who made every short woman beloved to me, and the short ones did not realize this.

I desire the short women of the tents, and I do not desire the short women of the paths, the worst of the shameless women.

And Al-Hasan said: "Restrained in tents" means: not wandering in the streets.

And "tents" are houses made of wood, thumma, and other grasses. They are the houses of the nomadic Arabs. The tents of Paradise are houses of pearls. Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said: They are hollow pearls, and this was narrated by Ibn Mas'ud from the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him. And when it comes to the dwelling of the Arabs, if it is made of poetry, it is called a house, and it is not called a tent. This is from the saying of Jarir:

When were the tents with these lofty roofs? I watered the rain, O tents.

And from the saying of Imru' al-Qais:

Are their tents of murkh or of 'ushr?....

So he inquired: Are they rescuers or are they distant? Because 'ushr is something that does not grow except in Tihamah, and murkh is something that does not grow except in Najd.

And "the rafraf": what hangs down from the bed of fine garments and spreads. Ibn Jubair said: the rafraf is the gardens of Paradise. The first is more correct and clearer. The meaning of Ibn Jubair's saying is that it is from: the plant has flourished when it became soft and beautiful. And what hangs around the tent from the transparent cloth is called rafraf, and likewise, the people today call it that. Al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Hasan said: the rafraf is the surroundings. And "the abqari": beautiful spreads in it are images and other things made in Abqar, which is a place where weaving and brocade and the like are done. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: the abqari is the carpets. Ibn Zayd said: they are the tapestries. Mujahid said: they are the thick brocade. Zuhair al-Farqabi read: "rafarif" in the plural and without inflection. Abu Tam'ah al-Madani and Asim - in some of what has been narrated from him - read: "rafarifin" with inflection. Likewise, Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, read "rafarifin and abqariyyin" in the plural and inflected form, and it was narrated from the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him. Al-Zajjaj and al-Rummani made a mistake regarding this reading. Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, also read in some of what has been narrated from him: "abqariy" with the opening of the qaf and the ya. This is based on the fact that the name of the place is "Abqar" with the opening of the qaf, and the correct name of the place is "Abqar." Imru' al-Qais said: (p-185)

"As if the sound of the marwa when it is disturbed Is the sound of the zephyrs criticizing by Abqar."

Al-Khalil and al-Asma'i said:

The Arabs, when they find something beautiful and commendable, say: abqari.

Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

And from it is the saying of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him: "I did not see an abqari among the people who would cut like him." Abdullah ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: the abqari is the leader of the people and their eye. And Zuhair said:

"With horses upon which is a garden of abqari, Worthy one day that they attain and rise."

And it is said: Abqar is a dwelling place for the jinn. Dhul-Rumma said: (p-186)

"Until it is as if the gardens of the quf have clothed it With the weaving of Abqar, embellishment and adornment."

Al-A'raj read: "khudhur" with a damma on the dad.

The majority of the people read: "Dhi al-jalali" following "the Lord," and Ibn Amer and the people of Sham read: "Dhu al-jalali" following "the name." Likewise in the first, and in the reading of Ubayy and Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with them, "Dhi al-jalali" in both places. And this place is what was intended to be named by the name, and the supplication with these two words is good and hoped for acceptance. And the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, said: "Be persistent in calling, O Dhi al-jalali and al-ikram."

The interpretation of Surah al-Rahman is complete, and all praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.