His saying - glorified and exalted is He -:

"O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful." "Satan only wants to cause between you animosity and hatred through intoxicants and gambling and to avert you from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer. So will you not desist?\

The judge Abu Muhammad - may Allah have mercy on him - said: Every disliked thing is blameworthy; and it may be said for punishment; and Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with him and his father - said regarding this verse: 'Rijs' means: wrath; and it may be said for filth; and for excrement; and impurities: 'Rijs'; and 'rijz' means: punishment; nothing else; and 'rik's' means: excrement; nothing else; and 'rijs' is said for both matters; and Allah, the Exalted, commanded to avoid these matters; and it is coupled with the imperative form in His saying: 'So avoid it'; the texts of the hadiths; and the consensus of the ummah; thus avoidance has been established in the rank of prohibition; and by this, wine has been prohibited by the apparent meaning of the Qur'an; and the text of the hadith; and the consensus of the ummah; and the interpretation of the word 'wine' and its meaning has preceded; and the interpretation of 'gambling' in Surah Al-Baqarah; and the interpretation of 'idols' and 'divining by arrows' has preceded in the beginning of this surah.

And the people differed regarding the reason for the revelation of these verses; Abu Maisarah said: They were revealed because of 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab - may Allah be pleased with him - for he mentioned to the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - the faults of wine; and what befalls the people because of it; and he called to Allah for its prohibition; and he said: O Allah, clarify for us in it a clear clarification; so these verses were revealed; and 'Umar said: We have stopped; we have stopped.

And Mus'ab ibn Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas; narrated from his father Sa'd; he said: A man from the Ansar prepared food; and he invited us; and we drank wine; until we became intoxicated; and the Ansar and Quraysh boasted; and each group said: We are better than you; so a man from the Ansar took a camel's jawbone; and struck Sa'd's nose with it; and he caused him to bleed; and Sa'd was the one who bled from the nose; Sa'd said: So the verse was revealed concerning me until its end.

And Ibn Abbas - may Allah be pleased with him and his father - said: The prohibition of wine was revealed concerning two tribes of the Ansar; they drank until they became intoxicated; and when they sobered, each one of them saw the effect on his face; and his beard; and his body; and he would say: This is the doing of so-and-so to me; and there occurred among them enmity; so these verses were revealed regarding that.

The judge Abu Muhammad - may Allah have mercy on him - said: The matter of wine was only gradual; and there were many incidents; among them the story of Hamzah; when he broke the camels' necks; and said to the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him -: Are you not but slaves to my father? And among them is the recitation of Ali ibn Abi Talib - may Allah be pleased with him - in the Maghrib prayer: "Say, O disbelievers, I worship what you worship"; then was revealed: ﴿O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated﴾ [An-Nisa: 43]; the verse; then the incidents continued to trouble the people because of it; until this verse was revealed; and it was prohibited in Medina; and the wine of grapes there is little; rather their wine was from five things: from honey; and from dates; and from raisins; and from wheat; and from barley; and the community is unanimous on the prohibition of both little and much of grape wine that has not been touched by fire; nor mixed with anything; and most of the community is on the view that whatever intoxicates in large amounts, its little is forbidden; and for Abu Hanifah; and some of the jurists of Kufa; the permissibility of that which does not intoxicate from that which intoxicates in large amounts; from other than grape wine; and this is a rejected view; and a group has derived the prohibition of wine from its description as "impurity"; and Allah, glorified and exalted is He, described in another verse the dead animal; and the spilled blood; and the flesh of the pig as being impure; so it follows from that that every impurity is forbidden; the judge Abu Muhammad - may Allah have mercy on him - said: And in this there is a consideration; and to avoid: is to make something aside; or to set it aside.

Then Allah, glorified and exalted is He, informed His servants that the devil only wants enmity to occur because of wine; and what he incites regarding it; between the believers; and because of gambling; as they would gamble over wealth; and family; until perhaps the gambler remains sad; poor; thus from that arise grudges; and enmity; and if the matter does not reach the level of enmity; there would be hatred; and the end of a people who are hateful is not good; and for that the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him - said: "And do not hate one another; and do not envy one another; and do not turn away from one another; and be servants of Allah, brothers"; and with the gathering of souls; and the word; the religion is protected and the enemy is fought; and hatred breaks the bonds of religion; and destroys the pillars of protection; and likewise the devil wants to prevent the believers from the remembrance of Allah and from prayer; and distract them from it with desires; so wine; and gambling; and betting; all are among his greatest tools in that.

And in His saying, glorified and exalted is He: ﴿So will you not desist?﴾; there is a warning within the prohibition; additional to the meaning of "desist"; and since in the speech there is the meaning of "desist"; it is good that he adds to it "and obey"; and he repeated "and obey"; in mentioning the Messenger for emphasis; then He warned, glorified and exalted is He, against opposing the command; and threatened whoever turns away with the punishment of the Hereafter; meaning: It is upon the Messenger to convey; and upon the one sent to punish; or reward; according to what is disobeyed; or obeyed.