His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "Indeed, We have sent you as a witness, a bearer of good tidings, and a warner". "So that you may believe in Allah and His Messenger, and support him, and honor him, and glorify Him morning and evening". "Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to you, they are only pledging allegiance to Allah. The hand of Allah is above their hands. So whoever breaks his pledge, he only breaks it to the detriment of himself. And whoever fulfills what he has promised Allah, He will give him a great reward." (p-671) Whoever considers the witness as the one who receives the testimony from a day he receives it, then His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "witness" is a present state. And whoever considers the witness as the one who conveys the testimony, then it is a future state, which the grammarians call: the estimated state. The meaning is: a witness over the people by their deeds and words when the legislation reaches them. A bearer of good tidings to the people of obedience of Allah's mercy, exalted and majestic is He, and a warner to the people of disbelief, warning them of the punishment of Allah, exalted and majestic is He. The majority of people in all regions read: "So that you may believe" addressing the people, meaning: say to them. Likewise, the three actions that follow. Abu Amr ibn al-Ala, Ibn Kathir, and Abu Ja'far read: "So that they may believe" with the letter 'ya' for the continuation of the address to Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, and likewise the three actions that follow. Al-Jahdari read: "and support him" with the 'ta' opened, the 'ayn' in a state of sukoon, and the 'zay' closed. Muhammad ibn al-Samifa al-Yamani and Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, read: "and honor him" with two 'zay' letters, from honor. Ja'far ibn Muhammad read: "and support him" with the 'ta' opened, the 'ayn' in a state of sukoon, and the 'zay' broken. The meaning of "support him": is to honor him and glorify him. This was said by Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him. Qatadah said: Its meaning is: you support him by fighting. Some of the interpreters said: The pronouns in His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "and support him, and honor him, and glorify Him" are all for Allah, exalted and majestic is He. The majority said: "and support him, and honor him" are for the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, and "and glorify Him" is for Allah, exalted and majestic is He, and it is the prayer of the two cool times. Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, read: "and glorify Allah". In some narrations reported by Abu Hatim: "and glorify Allah" with the letter 'nun'. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, read: "and let them glorify Allah". "The morning": is the dawn, and "the evening": is the dusk.

And His saying, exalted is He: ﴿Indeed, those who pledge allegiance to you﴾ means, exalted is He: in the Pledge of Ridwan, which is the Pledge of the Tree when the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, took the preparations for fighting Quraysh when he was informed of the killing of Uthman ibn Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, by them. This was before the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, departed from Hudaybiyyah. There were one thousand and four hundred men. Al-Naqqash said: It was said that there were one thousand and eight hundred, and it was said seven hundred, and it was said six hundred, and it was said two hundred. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, pledged them to endure to the utmost in fighting the enemy, until Salamah ibn al-Akwa and others said: 'The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, pledged us to death.' And Abdullah ibn Umar and Jabir ibn Abdullah, may Allah be pleased with them, said: 'The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, pledged us not to flee.' And the 'pledge' in this verse is a mutual action from the sale; because Allah, exalted is He, has purchased their souls and their wealth in exchange for Paradise for them. The name of the pledge remained after the contracts of the caliphs and kings. Based on this, the Khawarij called themselves the 'purchasers,' meaning they claimed to have purchased Paradise with their souls. And the meaning of ﴿Indeed, they only pledge allegiance to Allah﴾ is that their bargain is only approved by Allah, exalted is He, and He grants the price. Tamam ibn al-Abbas ibn Abdul Muttalib read: ﴿Indeed, they only pledge allegiance to Allah﴾. Abu al-Fath said: This is based on omitting the object due to the indication of the first and its proximity to it.

And His saying, exalted is He: ﴿The Hand of Allah﴾, the majority of the interpreters said: The hand means 'the blessing,' that is, the blessing of Allah, exalted is He, in this very pledge - for what is to come of its goodness. Above their hands which they extended for your pledge. Others said: The Hand of Allah here means the power of Allah, exalted is He, above their powers, that is, in your victory and their victory. Thus, the verse - based on this - counts a blessing upon them that is anticipated and informed of. And based on the first interpretation, it counts a blessing that is already present, which elevates the matter. Al-Naqqash said: The Hand of Allah in reward is above their hands. And His saying, exalted is He: ﴿So whoever breaks﴾ means whoever violates this covenant, then he only harms himself, and he will perish. His breaking it is not for him. The majority of the reciters read: ﴿'By what he has pledged to Allah'﴾ in the accusative for emphasis. Ibn Abu Ishaq read: 'By what Allah has pledged to him' in the nominative, on the basis that Allah is the one who is making the covenant. Hafs from Asim read: 'Upon him' with the pronoun attached. This was narrated from Ibn Ishaq. And 'the great reward' is Paradise, whose bliss does not perish nor does its duration end. And Asim, Abu Amr, Hamzah, al-Kisai, and the general public read: ﴿'Then He will give him'﴾ with the pronoun 'he.' Ibn Kathir, Nafi, and Ibn Amir read: 'Then We will give him' with the pronoun 'we.' And in the Mushaf of Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, it is: 'Then Allah will surely give him.'