'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' The Exalted said: "To admit the believing men and the believing women to gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein forever, and to expiate for them their evil deeds. And that is with Allah a great success." "And to punish the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women and the polytheistic men and the polytheistic women, who think evil thoughts of Allah. Upon them is a misfortune, and the wrath of Allah is upon them, and He has cursed them and prepared for them Hell, and wretched is the destination." "And to Allah belong the soldiers of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise." His saying, the Exalted: "So that they may increase in faith along with their faith" [Al-Fath: 4] means: So they increased and received that. Then, after that, His saying, the Exalted: "To admit the believing men" means by their earning acceptance of what Allah, the Exalted, has revealed to them. It is narrated regarding the meaning of this verse that when it was revealed: "And I do not know what will be done with me or with you" [Al-Ahqaf: 9], the people of the Book spoke about it and said: How can we follow one who does not know what will be done with him and with the people with him? So Allah clarified in this Surah what He will do with him by His saying, the Exalted: "So that Allah may forgive you what has preceded of your sin and what will follow" [Al-Fath: 2]. When the believers heard it, they said: Congratulations, this is for you, O Messenger of Allah. So what about us? Then this verse was revealed: "To admit the believing men and the believing women to gardens" until His saying: "and wretched is the destination." So Allah, the Exalted, informed him what He will do with him and with the believers and the disbelievers. And Al-Niqash mentioned that a man from 'Akk said: This is for you, O Messenger of Allah, so what about us? The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said: "It is for me and my Ummah like these two," and he joined between his two fingers. And His saying, the Exalted: "And to expiate for them their evil deeds" has an arrangement of the sentences in the narration, not an arrangement of the occurrence of their meanings; because the expiation of the evil deeds is before their admission to Paradise. And His saying, the Exalted: "who think evil thoughts of Allah" it is said that its meaning is: from their saying: "The Messenger will not return" [Al-Fath: 12], so it is as if they thought evil of Allah regarding the Messenger, blessings and peace be upon him, and the believers. And it is said: They thought evil of Allah, the Exalted, as they attribute to Him qualities that are not His, so these are evil thoughts because they are false and lead to their punishment in the fire of Hell.

And His saying, exalted is He: "Upon them is the circle of evil" seems to strengthen the other interpretation, meaning: what they desired has befallen them. The majority of the reciters read: "Upon them is the circle of evil" as in the first, and Al-Farra' preferred it and said: It is rare for the Arabs to include the letter sīn. Abu Ali said: They are close in meaning, and the opening is more aligned in pronunciation. Ibn Kathir and Abu Amr read: "The thought of evil" with an opening of the sīn, and "Upon them is the circle of evil" with a closing of the sīn, and it is a noun, meaning: the circle of the evil they intended against you in their thought of evil. Al-Hasan read with a closing of the sīn in both instances, and this was narrated from Abu Amr and Mujahid. Allah, exalted is He, named the affliction He invoked upon them a circle, as it is said in time: it revolves. Do you not see that the year and the month are as if they are revolving? They go in order and come from where they are estimations for the greatest movement. From this is the saying of the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him: "Indeed, time has revolved as it was on the day Allah created the heavens and the earth." It is said that the decrees and events that are within the span of time are a circle, because they revolve with the rotation of time, as if you say: Such a matter will occur on such a day of such a year, so from where that day revolves until it emerges into existence, it also revolves in it. From this is the poet's saying:

And the circles of time have indeed revolved.

And from this is the saying of another:

And he knows that the calamities revolve.

And this is abundant, and it is good to name the affliction a circle in terms of its completeness, as it surrounds its owner just as the shape of the circle surrounds evenly from the point. The naqash has pointed to this meaning.

And "Allah, exalted is He, became angry" when He intends by it will, it is a description of essence, and when He intends by it what appears of actions upon those who are angered, it is a description of action. And "He cursed them": He distanced them. And He, exalted is He, mentioned in this: "Mighty, Wise" so He mentioned the attribute of might in terms of the prior vengeance upon the disbelievers, and in the one before it, wisdom and knowledge in terms of His promise of the unseen. He coupled the two words with the mention of the armies of Allah, exalted is He, of which some are tranquility and some are punishment from the hypocrites and polytheists. For every word, there is a facet of meaning. Ibn Al-Mubarak said in the book of naqash: The armies of Allah in the heavens are the angels, and on earth, the warriors in the path of Allah, exalted is He.

Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This is a part of the whole.