Commentary
His saying, exalted and glorified is He: "He is the One who gives life and causes death. So when He decrees a matter, He only says to it, 'Be,' and it is." "Have you not seen those who argue about the signs of Allah? How are they turned away?" "Those who have denied the Book and what We sent Our messengers with, they will soon know." "When the shackles are around their necks and the chains are dragged." "In boiling water, then in the Fire they will be burned." "Then it will be said to them, 'Where are those you used to associate with Allah?'" They will say, 'They have departed from us. Rather, we did not used to invoke anything before.' Thus Allah leads astray the disbelievers." (p-456) His saying, the Most High: "So when He decrees a matter" is an expression of the rescue of existence and bringing the creature out of non-existence. The creation of existents is by His power. The conjunction of the matter with that is greatness in the dominion, subjugation of the creatures, and manifestation of the power. The matter for the existent only occurs when the power is engaged in its creation, not before that, because at that time it is not addressed in the sense of existence and being, nor after that, because what is to be is not told to 'Be'.
And His saying, exalted is He: "Did you not see those who argue?" The apparent meaning is that it is about the disbelievers who argue against the message of Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, and the Book which he brought, as indicated by His saying: "Those who have denied the Book." This is the saying of Ibn Zayd and the majority of the interpreters. Muhammad ibn Sirin and others said: His saying, "Did you not see those who argue?" is a reference to the people of desires from the Ummah. This group narrated a hadith in this regard, and they said: It is about the people of predestination and those who follow their path. The proponents of this statement must make His saying, "Those who have denied" as a separate statement that is newly initiated regarding the disbelievers. "Those" is the subject, and its predicate is "So they will soon know." It is possible that the predicate of the subject is omitted, and the 'fa' is related to it. And His saying, exalted is He: "When the shackles..." means on the Day of Resurrection, and the operative word in the context is "they will know." He expressed the future context with a term that is only used in the past because when the occurrence of the matter is certain, it is appropriate to emphasize it by presenting it in the past tense. This is common in the Qur'an, as He, exalted is He, said: "And when Allah said, O Jesus." Al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Hasan said: The shackles were not placed on the necks of the people of the Fire because they incapacitated the Lord, exalted is He, but rather due to their sinking when the flames extinguished them. The majority read: "And the shackles" in the nominative, as an addition to "the shackles." Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, and Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, read: "And the shackles" in the accusative, "they will be dragged" with the opening of the 'h' and attributing the action to them, and the action is placed upon the shackles. A group read: "And the shackles" in the genitive, implying: when their necks are in the shackles, thus it is an addition to the intended meaning of the speech, not according to the order of the wording; as its order is inverted, and it is in line with the saying of the Arabs: "You have placed the cap on my head." In the Mus'haf of Ubayy ibn Ka'b, may Allah be pleased with him, it is: "And in the shackles they will be dragged," and "they will be dragged" means: they will be pulled, and dragging means pulling. And "the boiling water" is the intensely hot liquid from the Fire, and from it, hot water is called hameem. And "they will be made to burn" Mujahid said: It means: the Fire is kindled with them. The Arabs say: "I filled the oven with fire" when I filled it with flames. And Al-Suddi said: "They will be made to burn": they will be burned.
Then He, exalted is He, informed that they will be stopped on the Day of Resurrection for the purpose of reproach and rebuke, and it will be said to them: Where are the idols that you used to worship in the world? They will say: They have gone away from us, meaning they have met the Fire and disappeared and vanished. Then their statements will contradict, and they will resort to lying, saying: Rather, we did not used to worship anything. "Thus Allah leads astray the disbelievers," meaning in this mentioned manner and in this order.
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