Tafsir for verse: 4:89
وَدُّواْ لَوۡ تَكۡفُرُونَ كَمَا كَفَرُواْ فَتَكُونُونَ سَوَآءٗۖ فَلَا تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ أَوۡلِيَآءَ حَتَّىٰ يُهَاجِرُواْ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ فَإِن تَوَلَّوۡاْ فَخُذُوهُمۡ وَٱقۡتُلُوهُمۡ حَيۡثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمۡۖ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ وَلِيّٗا وَلَا نَصِيرًا ٨٩ ﴿89
89They wish that you should disbelieve, as they have disbelieved, and thus you become all alike. So, do not take friends from among them unless they migrate in the way of Allah. Then, if they turn away, seize them, and kill them wherever you find them, and do not take from among them a friend or helper.
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Commentary

His saying, exalted is He:

﴿They wish that you disbelieve as they have disbelieved, so that you would be equal. So do not take from among them allies until they migrate in the cause of Allah. But if they turn away, then seize them and kill them wherever you find them, and do not take from among them any ally or supporter.﴾

The pronoun in "They wish" refers to the hypocrites. This is a revelation from Allah regarding the wickedness of their beliefs and a warning to the believers against them. The meaning is: They desire your disbelief, and this is the height of calamities for you. This wish from them may be due to their envy of the believers for what they see of triumphs in this world. Thus, the verse applies: With the great desire of many of the People of the Book, they wish to turn you back to disbelief after your faith, out of envy from themselves. It is also possible that the hypocrites saw the believers without any reason and wished for their return to the worship of idols. The first interpretation is more apparent.

And His saying: "So do not take..." The verse is a prohibition against allying with them until they migrate. This is because migration in the cause of Allah entails faith, and "in the cause of Allah" means on the path of pleasing Allah. The paths of Allah are many, and they are all His obediences. The meaning is: If they turn away from migration and turn away from faith, then seize them. This is a command to confront them and to openly fight them.

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Ibn AtiyyahʿAbd al-Ḥaqq ibn Ghālib Ibn ʿAṭiyyah
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