Commentary
The saying of Allah, the Most High:
"Indeed, those who disbelieve in Our signs, We will drive them into a Fire. Whenever their skins are roasted, We will replace them with other skins so they may taste the punishment. Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise." "And those who believe and do righteous deeds, We will admit them to gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein forever. They will have therein purified spouses, and We will admit them to a shade, broad and deep."
Previously, the verses described the tyrants from the Children of Israel and mentioned their deeds and sins. Then, the text brought a clear warning to them and others who committed acts of disbelief similar to theirs. The well-known reading is "We will drive them" with the noon pronounced, from "aslayta," and its meaning is: you brought near to the Fire and cast into it. This is the meaning of "salayta" with the emphasis on the lam. Hamid read "We will drive them" from "salayta," and its meaning is: you roasted. This is also the meaning of the hadith: "The Messenger of Allah was brought a roasted sheep." The term means: roasted. The verb has also been modified in the root and otherwise. Salam and Ya'qub read "We will drive them" with the noon pronounced.
The interpreters differed in the meaning of the replacement of skins. One group said: skins other than theirs will be replaced upon them, since their souls are the ones being punished, and the skins do not feel pain in themselves. They are replaced so they may taste the renewal of punishment. Another group said: the replacement of skins is the return of that very skin which was in the world, consumed by the Fire, and Allah returns it continuously for the renewal of punishment. It is called replacement because its attributes change and then it is returned, just as you say: "Replace this ring of mine with another ring." It is indeed the same silver, so the replacement occurs in the change of attributes. Ibn Umar said: Whenever their skins are burned, they will be replaced with white skins like paper. Al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Hasan said: They will be replaced seventy thousand times in a day. Another group said: The skins in this context are the garments of tar. They are called skins due to their adherence, thus they became like skins, and they are replaced continuously. May Allah protect us from His punishment by His mercy, as narrated by al-Tabari.
It is fitting to describe after these introductions with might and wisdom, for Allah cannot be overcome by anyone except that Allah overcomes him. He does nothing except with wisdom and precision. There is no deity except Him, blessed and exalted is He.
When Allah mentioned the warning to the disbelievers, He followed it with the promise to the believers of Paradise for their faith and righteous deeds. Ibn Waththab read: "He will admit them" with the ya. Likewise, "He will admit them" afterward. The saying about "beneath which" has already been mentioned in [Surah Al-Baqarah]. "Purified" means: free from doubts and impurities that are customary in this world. "Shade" means: according to some of them, it protects from heat and cold. It is correct to mean that it is a shade that does not change or move, as the shade of this world does. He emphasized it with His saying: "shade" for that reason. It is also correct to describe it as shade for its extension. The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said: "Indeed, in Paradise, there is a tree under whose shade a rider on a swift horse could travel for a hundred years without cutting it."
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