Commentary
His saying, exalted is He: "So when you have completed the prayer, remember Allah while standing, sitting, and lying on your sides. But when you have attained tranquility, then establish the prayer. Indeed, the prayer has been decreed upon the believers at specified times." "And do not weaken in seeking the people. If you should be suffering, then they are suffering as you are suffering, and you hope from Allah that for which they do not hope. And Allah is Knowing and Wise."
The majority of scholars have gone to the view that this remembrance that is commanded is only after the prayer of fear; as they were commanded during the performance of the rites to remember Allah; so it is remembrance with the tongue.
And a group has said that "when you have completed" means: when you have engaged in the prayer, it should be in these forms; according to the necessities; such as illness; and others. According to this verse, Ibn al-Mawwazi arranged the prayer of the sick; he said: "He prays sitting; if he cannot, then on his right side; if he cannot, then on his left side; if he cannot, then on his back." And the position of Malik in the "Al-Mudawwana" is the option; as he said: "Either on his side or on his back." Ibn Habib narrated from Ibn al-Qasim that he said: "He begins with the back; then with the side." Ibn Habib said: "And this is an error." Al-Lakhmi said: "And it is not an error; rather it is more prudent in facing the Qibla." And Sahnun said: "He prays on his right side; as he is placed in his grave; if he cannot, then on his back."
And "tranquility" in the verse means: "the stillness of the soul from fear." And some of the interpreters said: the meaning is: "So when you return from your journey to the city, then establish it complete; four units."
And His saying, exalted is He: "a specified time" means: "staggered in times; this is the apparent meaning of the wording." And it has been narrated from Ibn Abbas that the meaning is: "a prescribed obligation; so they are two words with one meaning; repeated for emphasis."
And His saying, exalted is He: "And do not weaken in seeking the people" clarifies that the prayer referred to previously is the prayer of fear; and "weaken" means: to soften and to become weak. "A weak rope" means: weak; and from it: "the bone became weak" [Maryam: 4]. And "seeking the people" means: seeking them.
Abd al-Rahman al-A'raj read: "if you should be suffering" with the opening of the 'alif.' And Yahya ibn Waththab and Mansur ibn al-Mu'tamir read: "you are suffering" in all three; and this is a dialect; and this encourages the souls of the believers; and belittles the matter of the disbelievers. And similar to this meaning is the saying of the poet:
"The people like you have hair on their heads, They are not unveiled if killed."
Then the encouragement is confirmed by His saying, exalted is He: "And you hope from Allah that for which they do not hope." And this is a clear proof; according to which the souls of the believers should strengthen; and the rest of the verse is clear.
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