Tafsir for verses: 38:25, 38:26, 38:27, 38:28, 38:29
فَغَفَرۡنَا لَهُۥ ذَٰلِكَۖ وَإِنَّ لَهُۥ عِندَنَا لَزُلۡفَىٰ وَحُسۡنَ مَـَٔابٖ ٢٥ ﴿25 يَٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلۡنَٰكَ خَلِيفَةٗ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَٱحۡكُم بَيۡنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلۡحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ ٱلۡهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَهُمۡ عَذَابٞ شَدِيدُۢ بِمَا نَسُواْ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحِسَابِ ٢٦ ﴿26 وَمَا خَلَقۡنَا ٱلسَّمَآءَ وَٱلۡأَرۡضَ وَمَا بَيۡنَهُمَا بَٰطِلٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ ظَنُّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْۚ فَوَيۡلٞ لِّلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنَ ٱلنَّارِ ٢٧ ﴿27 أَمۡ نَجۡعَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ كَٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ أَمۡ نَجۡعَلُ ٱلۡمُتَّقِينَ كَٱلۡفُجَّارِ ٢٨ ﴿28 كِتَٰبٌ أَنزَلۡنَٰهُ إِلَيۡكَ مُبَٰرَكٞ لِّيَدَّبَّرُوٓاْ ءَايَٰتِهِۦ وَلِيَتَذَكَّرَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡأَلۡبَٰبِ ٢٩ ﴿29
25So we forgave him that (lapse), and surely he has a place of nearness in Our presence, and an excellent resort. 26O Dawūd, We have made you a vicegerent on earth, so judge between people with truth, and do not follow the selfish desire, lest it should lead you astray from Allah’s path. Surely those who go astray from Allah’s path will have a severe punishment, because they had forgotten the Day of Reckoning. 27We did not create the heavens and the earth and what is between them in vain. That is the thinking of those who disbelieve. So, woe to the disbelievers because of the Fire (they have to face). 28Shall We make those who believe and do righteous deeds equal to those who commit mischief on the earth? Or shall We make the God-fearing equal to the sinners? 29This is a blessed Book We have revealed to you, so that they deliberate in its verses, and so that the men of understanding may heed to advice.
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Commentary

'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' He, the Exalted, said: ﴿So We forgave him that, and indeed, he has with Us a near position and a good return﴾ ﴿O David, indeed We have made you a successor upon the earth, so judge between the people in truth and do not follow [your] desire, lest it lead you astray from the way of Allah. Indeed, those who go astray from the way of Allah will have a severe punishment for what they have forgotten of the Day of Account﴾ ﴿And We did not create the heaven and the earth and whatever is between them in vain. That is the assumption of those who disbelieve. So woe to those who disbelieve from the Fire﴾ ﴿Or should We treat those who believed and did righteous deeds like the corrupters in the land? Or should We make the righteous like the wicked?﴾ ﴿A Book which We have sent down to you, blessed, that they might reflect upon its verses and that those of understanding would be reminded﴾ His saying, the Exalted: ﴿So We forgave him that﴾ means: We concealed [his sin], and

Then he referred in the pursuit of faith and piety to His glorious Book by saying: "A Book We have sent down." The meaning is: This is a Book for whoever wishes to hold fast to faith and draw near to Us. In these verses, there is a remarkable brevity and conciseness, like the miraculous nature of the glorious Qur'an. He described it as a blessing because it contains all that is good; it leads to Paradise, saves from the Fire, preserves a person in the worldly life, and is a cause for the elevation of his status in the Hereafter. The majority read: "So that they may reflect" with the 'ya' with a strong dal and ba, and the pronoun refers to the worlds. Hafs from Asim read: "So that you may reflect" with the 'ta' addressing the listener. Abu Bakr read from him with a lightening of the dal, its origin being: "So that they may reflect." The apparent meaning of this verse indicates that reflection is one of the reasons for the revelation of the Qur'an. Therefore, recitation is preferable for this; for reflection cannot occur except with recitation, and the rest of the verse is clear.

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Ibn AtiyyahʿAbd al-Ḥaqq ibn Ghālib Ibn ʿAṭiyyah
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