His saying, exalted and majestic is He:

﴿And when We let the people taste mercy, they rejoice in it. But if an evil befalls them because of what their own hands have sent forth, then indeed they despair.﴾ ﴿Have they not seen that Allah extends provision for whom He wills and restricts it? Indeed, in that are signs for a people who believe.﴾ ﴿So give the relative his right, and the poor, and the traveler. That is best for those who seek the face of Allah. And it is they who will be the successful.﴾

When He, exalted is He, mentioned the state of the people when hardship and affliction come to them, and they turn to ease, He also mentioned in this verse the matter from the other side by mentioning mercy, then hardship follows. So, for them in the first rank is supplication, then partnership. And for them in the second is joy and arrogance, then despair and hopelessness. Each person takes from these traits in proportion, some are deficient and some are abundant, except for one whom the Shari'ah has bound to his heart, and who has been disciplined by the etiquette of Allah, exalted is He. He is patient in adversity, thankful in prosperity, does not become arrogant in blessings, and does not despair in trials. And His saying, exalted is He: ﴿because of what their own hands have sent forth﴾ means that Allah tests nations, and afflicts them when sins become widespread and evils manifest. Likewise, an individual may be afflicted by the evil of his own deeds alone, and Allah forgives much. And despair is hopelessness. Abu 'Amr and a group read "

, "with a kasrah on the noon, while Nafi' and Al-Husn and a group read it with a fathah.

And the response to the condition in His saying: (If an evil befalls them) is His saying: ﴿then indeed they despair﴾. This is because it is for surprise and is not to be initiated; it is like the letter fa, and it responds to the condition. As for that which is for the condition or that which has the meaning of the condition, it is initiated.

Then He, exalted is He, mentioned the matter that whoever considers it will not despair of the mercy of Allah, exalted is He, in any situation. It is that Allah, blessed and exalted is He, specifically chooses whom He wills from His servants for the extension of provision. Therefore, it is incumbent upon every servant to be hopeful for what is with his Lord. Then He, exalted is He, commanded His Prophet with a command that the community enters into it. This is in the context of encouraging to give the relative his right from the connection of wealth, good companionship, and gentle speech.

Al-Hasan said: His right is to assist in ease. He said: And most of what the matter of assistance with wealth aims at is the poor and the traveler. And it is clarified that the right of these two is indeed in wealth and otherwise. Likewise, the near relative who is in need is obliged to fulfill his right and also to fulfill the right of his relative in good companionship. 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