Commentary
His saying, exalted and majestic is He:
﴿Our Lord, indeed we have heard a caller calling to faith, 'Believe in your Lord,' and we have believed. Our Lord, forgive us our sins and remove from us our misdeeds and cause us to die among the righteous.﴾ ﴿Our Lord, and grant us what You promised us through Your messengers and do not disgrace us on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed, You do not fail in the appointment.﴾
These verses are a narration about those of understanding that they say: 'Our Lord, our Lord.' Abu Darda said: May Allah have mercy on the believers, they continued to say: 'Our Lord, our Lord' until they were answered.
The interpreters have differed regarding the caller; Ibn Jurayj, Ibn Zayd, and others said: The caller is Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him. Muhammad ibn Kab al-Qurazi said: The caller is the Book of Allah, and not all of them saw the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, and heard him. Since 'calling' is in the sense of 'inviting,' it is appropriate for it to reach with the meaning of 'to faith.'
And His saying: 'to believe'; 'to' is an explanatory particle and has no place in the grammar. And the forgiveness of sins and the removal of misdeeds is a matter close to each other, but it has been repeated for emphasis, and because it is a means of covering, and the removal of the ruling of sin after its occurrence. And 'the righteous' is the plural of 'righteous,' its root is: 'he was righteous' on the pattern of 'fa'ala,' the 'r' has been assimilated into the 'r,' and it is said: it is the plural of 'one who is righteous' like 'companion' and 'companions,' and the meaning is: cause us to die among them in all their rulings and actions.
And His saying: ﴿Our Lord, and grant us what You promised us through Your messengers﴾ means: on the tongues of Your messengers. Al-Amash read: 'Your messengers' with the 's' being silent. And they requested from Allah, the Exalted, the fulfillment of the promise, and He is the Exalted who cannot have a failure in His promise, as the request and the fear are only in their regard, not in the regard of Allah, the Exalted. For this supplication is only in this world, so the meaning of a person's saying: 'O Allah, fulfill Your promise to me,' is: make me among those who deserve the fulfillment of the promise. And it is said: the meaning of their supplication is the hastening with their trust that the promise will be fulfilled. Al-Tabari and others said: The meaning of the verse is what You promised us on the tongues of Your messengers of victory over the enemies, so the supplication is indeed in the context of this world.
And their saying: ﴿And do not disgrace us on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed, You do not fail in the appointment.﴾ is a reference to His saying, the Exalted: ﴿On the Day when Allah will not disgrace the Prophet and those who believed with him.﴾ [At-Tahrim: 8], so this is His promise, the Exalted, and it indicates that disgrace is indeed with eternity.
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