'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' His saying, the Exalted and Majestic: "And thus We have sent down to you the Book. So those to whom We have given the Book believe in it, and among these are some who believe in it. And none deny Our signs except the disbelievers." "And you were not reciting before it any book, nor were you writing it with your right hand; otherwise, the falsifiers would have doubted." "Rather, it is clear signs in the breasts of those who were given knowledge. And none deny Our signs except the wrongdoers." The previous statement has already discussed the verse that preceded this one, which includes the descent of legislation and a Book from Allah upon prophets before Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him. Therefore, it is appropriate to connect "And thus We have sent down to you the Book" to what is implied, meaning: and just as We sent down to those before you, We have sent down to you the Book. And "the Book" refers to the Qur'an. His saying: "So those to whom We have given the Book" refers to the Torah and the Gospel. That is, those who were in the time of the descent of the Book and were given it at that time believe in it, meaning: they were affirming this Book that We have sent down to you. The pronoun in "in it" refers back to the Qur'an. Then he informed about the contemporaries of Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, that among them are also those who believe in it. And they had not yet believed. So, this information about the unseen was made clear by the existence after that. Then he criticized the deniers from a nation whose predecessors had believed in the past and some of them in the present. The deniers among them have reached the highest rank of misguidance. It seems that this criticism also targets the disbelievers of Quraysh along with the disbelievers of the Children of Israel. Then the Exalted clarified the proof against the doubters and made clear that among what strengthens the descent of this Qur'an from Allah, blessed and exalted is He, is that Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, brought it in the utmost of miraculousness and length, and it contains the unseen and other than that. And he is unlettered; he does not read or write, nor does he recite a book, nor does he write a letter, and there is no way for him to learn. For if he were among those who read, the falsifiers would have doubted. And they would have had a connection in their doubt. As for their doubt with the clarity of this proof, its invalidity is apparent. Mujahid said: The people of the Book found in their books that Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, does not write and does not read a book, so this verse was revealed. And the discussion in the interpretation of this verse was mentioned from Al-Shabi, who said: "The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, did not die until he wrote." He also narrated a hadith from Abu Kabsha Al-Sulami, which includes that "he, peace and blessings be upon him, read a scroll for Uyayna bin Hisn," and he informed of its meaning. Al-Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: All of this is weak. And the saying of Al-Baji, may Allah have mercy on him, is among it.

And His saying, exalted is He: "Rather, it is clear signs" is an interruption from a statement that implies what has preceded, as if He said: "The matter is not as they assumed, rather it is...". This pronoun may refer to the Qur'an, and this is supported by the reading of Ibn Mas'ud: "Rather, they are signs." It may refer to Muhammad - blessings and peace be upon him - and this is supported by the reading of those who recited: "Rather, it is a clear sign" in the singular, and it is said that the intended meaning is the Prophet - blessings and peace be upon him. It may refer to the matter of Muhammad - blessings and peace be upon him - that he neither recited nor wrote. In every possibility, a group has spoken, and the fact that all of this is signs - meaning signs in the hearts of the scholars among the believers regarding the matter of Muhammad - blessings and peace be upon him - is intended by it with consideration and reflection.

And "the wrongdoers" and "the falsifiers" are said to encompass all who deny Muhammad - blessings and peace be upon him, but the majority of the reference with them is to Quraysh because they are the most significant, as stated by Mujahid. And Qatadah said: "The falsifiers" refers to the Jews.