Commentary
'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' He, the Exalted, said: "She said, 'O assembly, indeed, a noble book has been delivered to me. Indeed, it is from Solomon, and indeed, it begins in the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Do not be haughty with me and bring to me Muslims.'" She said, 'O assembly, advise me in my affair. I will not decide a matter until you witness for me.' They said, 'We are men of strength and men of great might, and the matter is yours, so consider what you will command.' She said, 'Indeed, when kings enter a city, they corrupt it and make the honored of its people humbled. And thus do they do.'" In these places, there is a shortening that the apparent meaning of the saying indicates. Its implication is: she threw the book and read it, and her people gathered for her. 'The assembly' refers to the nobles of the people who represent the entirety. She described the book as noble, either because it is from a great one in her view and in their views, so she honored it out of reverence for Solomon. This is the saying of Ibn Zayd. Or it indicates that it is sealed with a seal. It has been narrated from the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, that he said: 'The nobility of a book is its seal.' Or she meant that it began with the name of Allah, the Exalted. The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said: 'Any speech that does not begin with the name of Allah, the Exalted, is cut off.' Then she began to describe to them what was in the book. The wording can imply that it is a concise and eloquent text of the book. Likewise, the books of the prophets, peace be upon them, and she preceded it with the title, which is the custom of people throughout time. Then she named Allah, the Exalted, and commanded them not to be haughty with him in tyranny and disbelief, and to come to him as Muslims. It is possible that she intended to summarize its meanings without arranging them. She informed them that it is from Solomon and that its meaning is such and such. Ubayy read: 'and that in the name of Allah' with the hamzah opened and the noon softened and the ha' omitted. Ibn Abi Abla read: 'that it is from' and 'that in the name of Allah' with the hamzah opened in both. In the reading of Abdullah, it is 'and indeed, it is from Solomon' with an additional waw, and 'in the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' is a noble opening, brilliant in meaning, expressed in every language and in every law. And 'that' in His saying, the Exalted: 'Do not be haughty with me' can be understood as a nominative in place of 'a noble book' or accusative meaning: do not be haughty, or as an explanation in the sense of 'that is to say.' Sibawayh said: And Wahb ibn Munabbih read: 'Do not be excessive' with a dot, Abu al-Fath said: It was narrated by Wahb from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, and it is the reading of Ashhab al-Aqili, mentioned by al-Thaalabi. Then she took on good manners with her men and consulted them in her affair, informing them that this is her custom in every matter. So how about in this great incident? The assembly responded to her with what would please her by informing her of their strength and might, meaning: and that is available to you, so fight if you wish. Then they submitted the matter to her consideration, and this is a good dialogue from all. In the reading of Abdullah: 'I was not to decide a matter' with the dhad from judgment. Mujahid mentioned in the number of her forces that she had twelve thousand, it was said under the command of each one a hundred thousand.
The judge Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This is far-fetched, and others mentioned something similar, so I summarized it due to its lack of authenticity. Then Bilqis informed about the actions of the kings concerning the villages they conquer. In the words is a fear for her people, and a precaution for them, and an awe of the matter of Sulayman, blessings and peace be upon him. A group said: Indeed, 'And thus do they act' is from Bilqis's saying, confirming the meaning she intended. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: It is from the saying of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, informing Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, and his nation.
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