'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful'

His saying, exalted is He:

﴿And the devils did not descend with it﴾ ﴿And it is not appropriate for them, nor can they﴾ ﴿Indeed, they are excluded from hearing﴾ ﴿So do not call upon another deity with Allah, lest you be among the punished﴾ ﴿And warn your closest relatives﴾ ﴿And lower to the believers who follow you your wing﴾ ﴿But if they disobey you, then say, 'Indeed, I am disassociated from what you do.'﴾

When the disbelievers said that this Qur'an is sorcery, this verse was revealed to refute that. Meaning: the devils did not descend with it; because they were excluded from the hearing that they used to take their positions for. And His saying: ﴿And it is not appropriate for them﴾ means: what is possible for them. This term can refer to what does not exist, and it can refer to what is not fitting even if it is possible. And when Allah, exalted is He, brought Islam, He guarded the heavens with shooting stars after the devils, so no devil could succeed in anything they used to throw as they used to do in the days of ignorance.

And the majority read: 'the devils', and it was narrated from al-Hasan that he read: 'the devils', and this reading is rejected. Abu Hatim said: it is a mistake from him or against him. Al-Thaalabi also reported it from Ibn al-Samif'ah, and he mentioned that Yunus ibn Habib said: I heard an Arab say: I entered gardens, behind them are gardens. Yunus said: how similar this is to the reading of al-Hasan.

Then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, advised His Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, to remain steadfast in the oneness of Allah, glorified and exalted is He. He commanded him to warn his tribe specifically, as the tribe is a place of closeness and obedience. He enables him with them to be more severe with them than others can bear. For being good to them in such a matter is a burden upon them, and a person is not suspected regarding his tribe. This specification was alongside the general command to warn the world. It has been narrated from Ibn Jurayj that the believers who were not from his tribe at that time were affected by this specification and their exclusion from it. So it was revealed: "And lower to the believers who follow you your wing." When the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, commanded this warning, the matter became significant and difficult for him. However, he received it with patience and did various things, each according to the command. Among them was that he commanded Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, to prepare food and gathered the sons of his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, intending to warn and invite them in that gathering. He, peace be upon him, manifested blessings in the food. Ali said: On that day, there were forty men, one less or one more. Abu Lahab threw magic at him, so the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, became silent, and their gathering dispersed without anything. Then he gathered them a second time likewise and warned them and advised them, but they laughed and did not respond. Among this was that he called his uncle Abbas, his aunt Safiyyah, and his daughter Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with them. He said: "I cannot avail you against Allah at all. Indeed, I am to you a warner before a severe punishment," in a famous narration. Among this was that he ascended to Safa or Abu Qubays and called: O sons of Abd Manaf, O morning, and the people of Mecca gathered to him. He said: O sons of so-and-so, O sons of so-and-so, until he addressed all the clans of Quraysh. When a large number of people from every clan had gathered, he said to them: "Do you see if I inform you that cavalry is at the foot of the mountain intending to raid you, would you believe me?" They said: Yes, for we have not experienced any lies from you. He said to them: "Indeed, I am a warner to you before a severe punishment." Abu Lahab, may Allah curse him, said: Is this why you have gathered us? Woe to you for the rest of the day. So it was revealed: "May the hands of Abu Lahab be ruined, and ruined is he." The Surah.

And "the tribe" refers to a man's relatives, and it is in rank beneath the clan and above the family. And "lowering the wing" is a metaphor, meaning: gentleness of speech, a kind face, and kindness. The pronoun in "they disobeyed you" refers back to his tribe from which men were gathered. So Allah, glorified and exalted is He, commanded him to disavow them, and in this verse is a reconciliation that was abrogated by the verse of the sword.