Tafsir for verses: 26:105, 26:106, 26:107, 26:108, 26:109, 26:110, 26:111, 26:112, 26:113, 26:114, 26:115, 26:116, 26:117, 26:118, 26:119, 26:120, 26:121, 26:122
كَذَّبَتۡ قَوۡمُ نُوحٍ ٱلۡمُرۡسَلِينَ ١٠٥ ﴿105﴾ إِذۡ قَالَ لَهُمۡ أَخُوهُمۡ نُوحٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ ١٠٦ ﴿106﴾ إِنِّي لَكُمۡ رَسُولٌ أَمِينٞ ١٠٧ ﴿107﴾ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ ١٠٨ ﴿108﴾ وَمَآ أَسۡـَٔلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ مِنۡ أَجۡرٍۖ إِنۡ أَجۡرِيَ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّ ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ١٠٩ ﴿109﴾ فَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ ١١٠ ﴿110﴾ ۞ قَالُوٓاْ أَنُؤۡمِنُ لَكَ وَٱتَّبَعَكَ ٱلۡأَرۡذَلُونَ ١١١ ﴿111﴾ قَالَ وَمَا عِلۡمِي بِمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ ١١٢ ﴿112﴾ إِنۡ حِسَابُهُمۡ إِلَّا عَلَىٰ رَبِّيۖ لَوۡ تَشۡعُرُونَ ١١٣ ﴿113﴾ وَمَآ أَنَا۠ بِطَارِدِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١١٤ ﴿114﴾ إِنۡ أَنَا۠ إِلَّا نَذِيرٞ مُّبِينٞ ١١٥ ﴿115﴾ قَالُواْ لَئِن لَّمۡ تَنتَهِ يَٰنُوحُ لَتَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمَرۡجُومِينَ ١١٦ ﴿116﴾ قَالَ رَبِّ إِنَّ قَوۡمِي كَذَّبُونِ ١١٧ ﴿117﴾ فَٱفۡتَحۡ بَيۡنِي وَبَيۡنَهُمۡ فَتۡحٗا وَنَجِّنِي وَمَن مَّعِيَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ ١١٨ ﴿118﴾ فَأَنجَيۡنَٰهُ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡفُلۡكِ ٱلۡمَشۡحُونِ ١١٩ ﴿119﴾ ثُمَّ أَغۡرَقۡنَا بَعۡدُ ٱلۡبَاقِينَ ١٢٠ ﴿120﴾ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةٗۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكۡثَرُهُم مُّؤۡمِنِينَ ١٢١ ﴿121﴾ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ ٱلۡعَزِيزُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ١٢٢ ﴿122﴾
105The people of NūH rejected the messengers 106when their brother NūH said to them, “Do you not fear Allah? 107I am an honest messenger for you. 108So, fear Allah and obey me. 109I do not claim from you any reward for it. My reward is with none but with the Lord of the worlds; 110so, fear Allah and obey me.” 111They said, “Shall we believe in you while you are followed by the lowest people?” 112He said, “I do not know about what they do; 113their account is with none but with my Lord, if you have sense. 114And I am not the one who would drive the believers away; 115I am no more than a plain warner.” 116They said, “Should you not stop, O NūH, you will surely be stoned.” 117He said, “My Lord, my people have rejected me. 118So judge between me and them with an open verdict, and save me and all the believers who are with me.” 119So We saved him and those with him in the Ark that was fully occupied. 120Then We drowned, after that, all the remaining. 121Surely, in this there is a sign, but most of them are not believers 122and indeed your Lord is the Mighty, the Very-Merciful.
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Commentary

His saying, exalted and majestic is He:

"The people of Noah denied the messengers" "When their brother Noah said to them: 'Will you not fear?" "Indeed, I am a trustworthy messenger to you." "So fear Allah and obey me." "And I do not ask you for it any reward. My reward is only with the Lord of the worlds." "So fear Allah and obey me." "They said: 'Should we believe you while the most despised follow you?" "He said: 'And what knowledge do I have of what they were doing?" "Their account is only upon my Lord, if you could perceive." "And I am not one to drive away the believers." "I am only a clear warner." "They said: 'If you do not stop, O Noah, you will surely be among the stoned.'" "He said: 'My Lord, indeed my people have denied me.'" "So judge between me and them with a decisive judgment, and save me and those with me among the believers." (p-495) "So We saved him and those with him in the laden ark." "Then We drowned the remaining ones." "Indeed, in that is a sign, and most of them were not believers." "And indeed, your Lord is the Exalted in Might, the Merciful."

He attributed "denied" to "the people," and in it is the absence of feminine gender, as "the people" means the nation and the group. His saying: "the messengers" is because whoever denies one prophet has certainly denied all the prophets; their words are one, and their call is the same. His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "their brother" means: in lineage and origin, not in religion. And "trustworthy" means: regarding the revelation of Allah, exalted and majestic is He, and His message, meaning: in origin.

Ibn Kathir and Asim read: "my reward" with the ya' being silent, while Nafi' and Abu Ja'far and Shaiba read it with the ya' being opened throughout the Qur'an. Then he responded to them with the command of piety and the call to obedience, warning and admonishing them, showing concern for them. The nobles among them went to belittle his followers due to the low status of the people who followed him and their weakness, and this is like the action of Quraysh towards Ammar ibn Yasir, Suhaib, and others. Some people said: "the most despised" refers to the barbers, the cupper, and the lowly tradesmen.

Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said:

And this, in my view, is in the sense of example, meaning: the people of lowly crafts, not that these mentioned crafts are exclusively for this. And "the most despised" is the plural of "the despised," and it is not used except in the definite form or as an addition, or with "who." It appears from the verse that the intention of the people of Noah regarding the despised ones in relation to the believers is to disparage their actions, not to consider their crafts. This is indicated by Noah's saying: "And what knowledge do I have"; because the meaning of his words is: there is no benefit in my view and knowledge of their actions and beliefs, for I am only convinced by their apparent state and suffice with it. Then their account is with Allah, blessed and exalted is He, and this is similar to what the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, said: 'I have been commanded to fight the people until they say there is no god but Allah...' the hadith in its entirety.

(p-496) The majority of the people read: "and your followers" in the past tense. Ibn al-Samif'a al-Yamani and Sa'id ibn Abi Sa'id al-Ansari read: "and your followers" in the plural. Abu al-Fath attributed it to Ibn Mas'ud, al-Dhahak, and Talhah. Abu Amr said: This is the reading of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with both of them, al-Amash, and Abu Haywah. Isa ibn Umar al-Hamadhani read: "if they knew" with a 'ya' from below, while the majority read: "you know" with the address form. The grammatical analysis of his saying: "and your followers" is either that it is placed in the position of an adverbial phrase, or it is conjoined to the pronoun in his saying: ﴿Do we believe you﴾, and that separation is good with his saying: "for you".

And his saying: ﴿from the stoned﴾ may mean: with stones, and it may mean: with the Qur'an and insults and similar things, which is similar to stoning with stones. It is from stoning with the unseen and suspicion and similar things. And his saying: "judge" means: rule, and "the judge" is the one who judges in a Yemeni language. And "the ship" means: the vessel, and its plural is also ships. The elaboration on this plural has already been presented in Surah Al-A'raf. And "the laden" means: filled with what is appropriate for it in terms of what it carries, and the rest of the verse is clear.

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