Commentary
His saying, exalted and majestic is He: ﴿Until when death comes to one of them, he says, 'My Lord, send me back.﴾ ﴿That perhaps I may do righteousness in that which I left behind.' No! It is only a word he is saying, and behind them is a barrier until the Day they are resurrected.﴾ ﴿So when the Horn is blown, no kinship will remain among them that Day, nor will they ask one another.﴾ ﴿And whoever's scales are heavy, it is they who will be the successful.﴾ 'Until' in this context is a particle of beginning, and it is possible that it is a mere limit by assuming a deleted statement. The first is clearer because what follows it is the intended meaning to be mentioned. The pronoun in 'one of them' refers to the disbelievers, and His saying, 'send me back,' means: to the worldly life. The plural pronoun can be interpreted in two ways: either he addresses him in the manner of addressing the plural for the sake of glorification, similar to how He, exalted is He, informs about Himself using the plural pronoun in other contexts, or it could be a plea to his Lord first, then he addresses the angels of punishment by saying, 'send me back.' Al-Dhahhak said: It is about the polytheist. The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said to Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: 'When the believer sees [the reality], the angels say to him: Shall we send you back? He will say: To the house of worries and sorrows? No, forward to Allah, exalted is He. As for the disbeliever, he will say: send me back that perhaps I may do righteousness.' Al-Hasan and the majority read: 'that perhaps I may do righteousness' with the ya being silent, and Talhah ibn Musarif read: 'that perhaps I may do righteousness' with the ya being opened, and 'No!' is a word of rebuke and it is from the words of Allah, exalted is He. And His saying: ﴿Indeed, it is a word he is saying﴾ has three meanings: One of them is: the confirmed news that this thing will happen and he will say this word. The other is that the meaning is: it is a word that does not benefit more than him saying it, and there is no benefit for him in it nor any help. The third is that it is an indication that if he were returned, he would return, and it would be a verse of condemnation for them. The pronoun in 'behind them' refers to the disbelievers, meaning there will come after their death a barrier of time, and 'Barzakh' in the speech of the Arabs means the barrier between two distances, then it is borrowed for what is beyond that. So here it refers to the period between a person's death and their resurrection; this is the consensus of the interpreters. And 'Day' is added to 'they are resurrected.' The majority read: 'in the Horn,' which is the blowing, and Ibn Iyad read: 'in the Horn' with the waw opened, the plural of 'image.' And His saying, exalted is He: ﴿So no kinship will remain among them that Day﴾, the interpreters differed regarding the description of the cessation of kinship - Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, and others said: This is in the first blowing, and that is because all people will die, so there will be no kinship among them at that time while they are dead. Al-Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This interpretation removes what is in the verse regarding the horror of the gathering.
Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him, and others said: The meaning is that at the second blowing of the trumpet and the rising of the people from the graves, at that time, due to the horror of the emergence, every person will be preoccupied with himself. The means of intercession will be cut off between them, and the benefit of lineage will be removed. Therefore, he negated it. The meaning is: There are no beneficial lineages. It has been narrated from Qatadah that there is no one more hated by a person on that day than someone he knows, because he fears that he may have an injustice against him. On that day, a man will flee from his brother, his mother, his father, his companion, and his children. Everyone will rejoice on that day if he has a right over his son or father. A hadith has been reported regarding this. Likewise, the questioning will rise regarding these faces that we have mentioned. Then, there will come in the Resurrection places where there will be questioning and recognition.
The judge Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This interpretation is good, and it is narrated in meaning from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both.
And the weight of the scales is with the good deeds. The weight and lightness alternate with the deeds that Allah, the Exalted, creates therein, and it is as has been narrated, declarations.
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