Tafsir for verses: 20:47, 20:48, 20:49
فَأۡتِيَاهُ فَقُولَآ إِنَّا رَسُولَا رَبِّكَ فَأَرۡسِلۡ مَعَنَا بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ وَلَا تُعَذِّبۡهُمۡۖ قَدۡ جِئۡنَٰكَ بِـَٔايَةٖ مِّن رَّبِّكَۖ وَٱلسَّلَٰمُ عَلَىٰ مَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ ٱلۡهُدَىٰٓ ٤٧ ﴿47 إِنَّا قَدۡ أُوحِيَ إِلَيۡنَآ أَنَّ ٱلۡعَذَابَ عَلَىٰ مَن كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ ٤٨ ﴿48 قَالَ فَمَن رَّبُّكُمَا يَٰمُوسَىٰ ٤٩ ﴿49
47So, come to him and say, ‘We are the messengers of your Lord. So, let the children of Isrā’īl go with us, and do not persecute them. We have come to you with a sign from your Lord; and peace be upon the one who follows the guidance. 48Verily, it has been revealed to us that the punishment is for the one who denies and turns away.’” 49He (Pharaoh) said, “Who then is the Lord of you two, O Mūsā?”
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Commentary

His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "So go to him and say, 'Indeed, we are the messengers of your Lord, so send with us the Children of Israel and do not punish them. We have come to you with a sign from your Lord, and peace be upon those who follow guidance.'" "Indeed, it has been revealed to us that the punishment is upon whoever denies and turns away." "He said, 'So who is your Lord, O Moses?'" The meaning is: Go to Pharaoh and inform him that you are two messengers to him. He referred to Pharaoh as 'your Lord' to belittle him, as he claimed divinity. Then he commanded him to call him to send with them the Children of Israel and to free them from the humiliation of serving the Egyptians. It has already been mentioned in this verse his call to faith, and this is the entirety of what Pharaoh was called to: 'faith and the sending of the Children of Israel.' It appears that his message to him is not on the level of sending him to the Children of Israel, and the punishment of the Children of Israel was the slaughter of their children and their humiliation. The 'sign' referred to is the staff and the hand. And he said, 'We have come to you' - and the one who brought it is Moses - as a figure of speech since they are both partners. And His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "And peace be upon those who follow guidance" may be the last of the words and a conclusion, so it is strong that 'peace' means greeting, as if they desired it from him. Following the custom of greeting upon finishing a speech, they greeted those who follow guidance, and in this is a reprimand. Al-Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Based on this phrase, people use this verse in their addresses and discussions. It may be that it is in the degree of the saying connected to His saying, glorified and exalted is He: "Indeed, it has been revealed to us," and it may imply that safety is for the guided. These two meanings were stated by each group, but without this summarization. They said: 'peace' means 'safety,' and 'upon' means 'for,' that is: peace for whoever follows guidance. When he finished the speech that he was commanded regarding his saying: 'and turns away,' Pharaoh addressed them. In the narration of this verse, there is an omission indicated by the apparent wording, its estimation is: So they went to him, and when they said all that they were commanded, Pharaoh said to them: 'So who is your Lord?' And his saying: 'O Moses' after gathering him with 'Aaron' in the pronoun is a call for specification and stopping, as he was the one of great importance in the message and the one responsible for the signs.

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Ibn AtiyyahʿAbd al-Ḥaqq ibn Ghālib Ibn ʿAṭiyyah
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