His saying, exalted and majestic is He:

﴿And those who believe in what has been revealed to you and what was revealed before you and in the Hereafter they are certain﴾ ﴿Those are upon guidance from their Lord, and those are the successful﴾

(p-108) The interpreters have differed regarding who is meant by this verse and the one before it. Some said: Both verses are for all believers. Others said: They are for the believers among the People of the Book. Others said: The first verse is for the believers among the Arabs, and the second is for the believers among the People of the Book, like Abdullah ibn Salam, and it was revealed concerning him.

The judge Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: These statements contradict each other. Whoever considers both verses to be in one category, the grammatical case of "those who" is a genitive case due to conjunction, and it is correct that it could be a nominative case as a new sentence, meaning: "and they are those who." And whoever considers both verses to be in two categories, the grammatical case of "those who" is a nominative case as a subject, and its predicate is ﴿Those are upon guidance﴾.

And His saying: ﴿In what has been revealed to you﴾ means the Qur'an, and ﴿And what was revealed before you﴾ means the previous scriptures. Abu Haywah and Yazid ibn Qatib read "in what has been revealed" and "what was revealed" with the hamzah opened in both specifically. The verb in this case is likely to be attributed to Allah, the Exalted, and it may be attributed to Gabriel, but the first is clearer and more necessary.

And "in the Hereafter" it was said: Its meaning is in the abode of the Hereafter, and it was said: In the resurrection of the Hereafter.

And "they are certain" means: They know with a firm knowledge in their souls, and certainty is the highest degree of knowledge, which cannot be entered by doubt in any way.

And the saying of Malik, may Allah have mercy on him: "He swears by his certainty, then the matter comes out contrary to that," is permissible in expression according to the customary usage of the Arabs, and he did not intend to clarify the speech regarding certainty.

(p-109) And His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "Those are" refers to those mentioned, and "these" is the plural of (that), and it is constructed on the kasrah, because it is weak due to its ambiguity compared to the strength of names. The original construction is stillness, so it was moved to meet the two still sounds, and "the kaf" is for address, and "guidance" here means direction, and "those are" is a subject, and "the successful" is its predicate, and "they" is a separation; because it has occurred between two knowns, and it is correct that "they" is a subject and "the successful" is its predicate, and the sentence is the predicate of "those."

And success: is attaining the goal and realizing the hope. From it is the saying of Labid:

And be mindful - if you have not been mindful - for truly successful is the one who has understanding.

And there have come to the Arabs poems in which success means survival, like his saying:

...................................... ∗∗∗ And we hope for success after 'Aad and Himyar.

And like the saying of Al-Adbat:

For every worry among worries there is ease ∗∗∗ and the morning and evening have no success with it.

And survival encompasses both realizing hope and attaining the goal, as it is the essence of that and its core, and Al-Khalil has narrated success in both meanings.