Tafsir for verse: 14:21
وَبَرَزُواْ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعٗا فَقَالَ ٱلضُّعَفَٰٓؤُاْ لِلَّذِينَ ٱسۡتَكۡبَرُوٓاْ إِنَّا كُنَّا لَكُمۡ تَبَعٗا فَهَلۡ أَنتُم مُّغۡنُونَ عَنَّا مِنۡ عَذَابِ ٱللَّهِ مِن شَيۡءٖۚ قَالُواْ لَوۡ هَدَىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ لَهَدَيۡنَٰكُمۡۖ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيۡنَآ أَجَزِعۡنَآ أَمۡ صَبَرۡنَا مَا لَنَا مِن مَّحِيصٖ ٢١ ﴿21
21All of them shall appear before Allah. Then, the weak shall say to the arrogant, “We were your followers. So, can you relieve us a little from Allah’s punishment?” They will say, “Had Allah guided us, we would have guided you. It is all the same for us whether we deplore or endure, we have no way out.”
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Commentary

His saying, exalted and majestic is He: ﴿And they will be presented before Allah all together. And the weak will say to those who were arrogant, 'Indeed, we were your followers, so can you avail us anything against the punishment of Allah?' They will say, 'If Allah had guided us, we would have guided you. It is all the same for us whether we show impatience or endure; we have no place of refuge.'﴾

His saying, the Most High: ﴿And they will be presented before Allah all together﴾ means: they will be in the state of presentation, which is the vast land like the expanse and the openness, so this term is borrowed for the gathering on the Day of Resurrection. And His saying: 'followers' may be a source, similar to their saying: 'a day of justice and a day of war.' It may also be the plural of 'follower' like 'absent' and 'absence,' which is the interpretation of Al-Tabari.

The people interpreted 'the weak' as the followers, and 'the arrogant' as the leaders and people of opinion. And their saying: ﴿can you avail us anything against the punishment of Allah?﴾ refers to availing, which is the benefit that comes from one person to another in defense and other matters.

And the 'alif' in His saying: 'whether we show impatience' is the alif of equality and is not the alif of questioning, but it is like His saying: 'Or did you not warn them, no.' And 'the place of refuge' means the escape and the sanctuary, taken from 'he fled' when he ran away. And from it is in the hadith of Heraclius: (And they fled like the fleeing of wild donkeys to the doors). It has been narrated from Ibn Zayd and from Muhammad ibn Ka'b that the people of Hell say: 'Indeed, the people of Paradise attained mercy by being patient in obedience to Allah, so let us be patient.' They will endure for five hundred years, and they will not benefit. Then they will say: 'Let us show impatience,' and they will wail and scream and cry for another five hundred years, and they will not benefit. Then they will say this saying mentioned in the verse. The apparent meaning of the verse is that they say it at the time of presentation while being presented before Allah, glorified and exalted is He.

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Ibn AtiyyahʿAbd al-Ḥaqq ibn Ghālib Ibn ʿAṭiyyah
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