Tafsir for verses: 11:53, 11:54, 11:55, 11:56
قَالُواْ يَٰهُودُ مَا جِئۡتَنَا بِبَيِّنَةٖ وَمَا نَحۡنُ بِتَارِكِيٓ ءَالِهَتِنَا عَن قَوۡلِكَ وَمَا نَحۡنُ لَكَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ ٥٣ ﴿53 إِن نَّقُولُ إِلَّا ٱعۡتَرَىٰكَ بَعۡضُ ءَالِهَتِنَا بِسُوٓءٖۗ قَالَ إِنِّيٓ أُشۡهِدُ ٱللَّهَ وَٱشۡهَدُوٓاْ أَنِّي بَرِيٓءٞ مِّمَّا تُشۡرِكُونَ ٥٤ ﴿54 مِن دُونِهِۦۖ فَكِيدُونِي جَمِيعٗا ثُمَّ لَا تُنظِرُونِ ٥٥ ﴿55 إِنِّي تَوَكَّلۡتُ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ رَبِّي وَرَبِّكُمۚ مَّا مِن دَآبَّةٍ إِلَّا هُوَ ءَاخِذُۢ بِنَاصِيَتِهَآۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي عَلَىٰ صِرَٰطٖ مُّسۡتَقِيمٖ ٥٦ ﴿56
53They said, “O Hūd, you did not bring to us any proof, and we are not to leave our gods on your statement, and we are not to believe in you. 54We do not say except that some of our gods have subjected you to some evil.” He said, “I make Allah my witness, and you bear witness that I have nothing to do with what you take as gods 55besides Him. So, try your plans against me, all of you together, then give me no respite. 56I place my trust in Allah who is my Lord and your Lord. There is no creature but He holds it by the forelock. Surely, my Lord is on a straight path.
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Commentary

'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' His saying, exalted and majestic: "They said, 'O Hud, you have not brought us a clear proof, and we will not abandon our gods on your saying, nor are we believers in you.'" "We say nothing but that some of our gods have afflicted you with evil." He said, 'Indeed, I call Allah to witness, and bear witness that I am free from what you associate with Allah.'" "So plot against me all together, then do not give me respite.'" "Indeed, I have placed my trust in Allah, my Lord and your Lord. There is no creature but He takes it by the forelock. Indeed, my Lord is on a straight path.'" The meaning is: You have not brought us a sign that compels us to believe in you. They denied that his miracles were signs according to their assumptions and blinded them from the truth, just as Quraysh made the Qur'an magic and poetry and similar to this. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, said: "There is no prophet except that he was given signs that by which people believed in him." This indicates that Hud and others among the messengers had miracles, even if some of them were not specified to us. Their saying: "on your saying" means: Your words will not be the reason for our abandoning [our gods] since they are devoid of a sign. Their saying: "We say" means: We say nothing but that when you insulted some of the gods and misled their worshippers, some of them afflicted you with madness. It is said: 'A'ra ya'ru and 'I'tara ya'itr means to be affected by something. At that time, Hud, peace be upon him, openly disavowed their idols and urged them to plot against him and their idols. It is mentioned that this was a miracle for him, as he incited his people against him despite his isolation, their strength, and their disbelief, and they could not harm him. And 'do not give me respite' means: do not delay me, that is: hasten against me with what you are able to do. And His saying, exalted and majestic: "Indeed, I have placed my trust in Allah" means: My trust in Allah, who is my Lord and your Lord, along with my weakness and isolation, and your strength and multitude, prevents me from you and places a barrier between me and you. Then he described the power of Allah, blessed and exalted is He, and the greatness of His dominion by saying: "There is no creature but He takes it by the forelock." He expressed this by 'the forelock' because it is commonly understood that the capable owner takes control of whom he can, just as a captive and a horse are led until taking by the forelock became a common expression in the ability to control animals. The Arabs used to shave the forelock of a captive who was favored upon to be a sign that he was taken under control. And 'the creature' refers to all animals, and it was specifically mentioned as it is the category of those addressed and those speaking. And His saying: "Indeed, my Lord is on a straight path" means that the actions of Allah, exalted and majestic, are of the utmost precision, and His words are true, and His promise is true, so the straightness came in all that is attributed to Him, exalted and majestic. Thus, He expressed this by saying: "Indeed, my Lord is on a straight path" in the context of an added meaning.

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Ibn AtiyyahʿAbd al-Ḥaqq ibn Ghālib Ibn ʿAṭiyyah
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