His saying, exalted and majestic is He: "And he makes the ship, and whenever a group of his people passes by, they mock him. He said, 'If you mock us, then we mock you as you mock.' So you will soon know who will come to him a punishment that humiliates him and upon whom will descend a lasting punishment." Until when Our command came and the oven overflowed, We said, 'Load in it from every pair two, and your family except for him upon whom the word has preceded, and whoever has believed.' And none believed with him except a few."

The interpretation: So he began to make it, and his state of anticipation was reported, as in the midst of it their passing occurred. Ibn Abbas said: Noah made the ship in the lands of Damascus and took its wood from Lebanon and its wood from the shammash, which is the box tree. It has been narrated that its wood was from the sago palm, and that Noah, peace be upon him, planted it until it grew for forty years. It has been reported that the length of the ship was one thousand two hundred cubits, and its width was six hundred cubits. This was mentioned by Hasan ibn Abi Hasan. It was said that its length was three hundred cubits and its width was fifty cubits, and its height in the sky was thirty cubits, as mentioned by Qatadah. Other narrations have been reported that are not established, so I have shortened their mention. Al-Tabari mentioned the narration of the resurrection of Jesus, son of Mary, to Sam, son of Noah, and his question to him about the matter of the ship, and he mentioned that it had three levels: a level for the people, a level for the animals, and a level for the birds, among other things in a long narration.

And "the group" here means the community, and "they mocked" means: they deemed him ignorant. This ignorance, if the matter is as mentioned, that they had not previously seen a ship nor was it - so the reason for the ignorance is clear. Thus, the interpretations have converged, even though the ships at that time were known, they deemed him ignorant regarding the making of it in a place far from the sea. It has been narrated that they used to say to him, 'You have become a carpenter after prophethood?'

And His saying: "Then we mock you" Al-Tabari said: He means: in the Hereafter.

Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: The speech may imply - rather it is more likely - that he means: 'We mock you now,' meaning we deem you ignorant for our knowledge of what you are upon of the deception with Allah, the Exalted, and being in the midst of His punishment. Then came His saying: "So you will soon know," as a threat. Mockery: is ignorance along with ridicule, and its source is: sukhra with the letter 's' being pronounced as a consonant. The source of sukhrah and tas'khir is sukhrah with the letter 's' being pronounced as a vowel.

And "the humiliating punishment" is drowning, and "the lasting" is the punishment of the Hereafter. Al-Zahrawi reported that he reads "and it descends" with the letter 'h' being pronounced as a consonant, and he reads "and it descends" with it being pronounced as a vowel, meaning it is necessary. And whoever is in the position of accusative with "you will know." It is permissible that "you will know" is equivalent to "you will recognize" in the transitive to one object, and it is permissible that the transitive is to two objects and is limited to one.

'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' And His saying, exalted is He: ﴿Until when Our command came﴾. The command here is possible to be one of the matters, and it is possible to be the source of 'amr'. Its meaning is Our command for the water to boil, or for the clouds to be sent, or for the angels to act in that. And similar to this is what can be estimated in the incident. And 'wa-fara' means: it surged with force. The people have differed regarding 'the tannur'. A group, which is the majority among them, including Ibn Abbas, Mujahid, and others, said: It is the oven for bread in which it is kindled. Another group said: This was a sign that Allah made for Noah, meaning when the tannur boiled, embark in the ship. It seems that the aspect of the sign is that the fire's kindler, when it boils with water, its other is more boiling and more likely to do so. It has been narrated that the tannur of Adam, peace be upon him, reached Noah, and he would kindle in it. Al-Naqqash said: The name of the kindler is 'tannur' in every language. Ibn Qutaybah mentioned something similar in 'Adab' from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them. The judge Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: This is far-fetched. It was said that the location of Noah's tannur, peace be upon him, was in India. It was said that it was in the location of the mosque of Kufa. It was said that it was in the vicinity of Kufa, as stated by Al-Shabi and Mujahid. It was said that it was in the western direction from the direction of the mosque in Kufa. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them, and Ikrimah said: The tannur is the surface of the earth, and it is called 'the tannur of the earth'. Qatadah said: The tannur is the highlands of the earth. A group said: The tannur is a spring in the region of the island. Al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Hasan said: The tannur is the gathering of the water of the ship, from which the water surged while it was still on dry land. A group said: The tannur is the dawn, meaning when the dawn rises, embark in the ship. This saying was narrated from Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, except that the interpretation weakens it. It must be that the tannur is. A group said: The speech is metaphorical, and he only intended the overwhelming of the water and the appearance of the punishment, as the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said regarding the intensity of war: 'The heat of the fire has intensified.' And 'the heat of the fire' also refers to the kindler of the fire, so there is no difference between 'intensified' and 'surged' as they are both used in relation to fire. Allah, exalted is He, said: ﴿They heard it gasping while it boiled﴾ [Al-Mulk: 7]. So there is no difference between 'the heat of the fire' and 'the tannur'.

Hafs read from Asim: "From every pair of two" with the tanween on "every," while the others read: "From every pair" by adding "every" to "pairs." So, whoever reads with the tanween has omitted the implied addition: from every animal or similar, and has applied "the pair" to "two pairs," and his saying: "two" comes as an affirmation - as he said: two gods. And whoever reads with the addition has applied "the pair" to his saying: "two," and his saying: "pairs" comes in the sense of generality, meaning from everything that has a pair. This is the meaning of his saying: "From every pair," as stated by Abu Ali and others. If we had estimated the meaning: take from every two pairs that are two, it would have been necessary to take from every type four, and the pair is said in the well-known speech of the Arabs for the singular of what has a pair. It is said: this is the pair of this, and they are two pairs. And this is the norm in the Qur'an in His saying, the Exalted: "Eight pairs" [Al-An'am: 143], then He explained it. Likewise, it is in His saying, the Exalted: "And that He created the two pairs, the male and the female" [An-Najm: 45]. Abu al-Hasan al-Akhfash said in the book "Al-Hujjah": It may also be said in the speech of the Arabs for the two, a pair, and from that is the saying of Labid:

From every shaded tree, its branches are a pair upon which is a cover and its cloth.

And thus do the numerologists take. The pair also in the speech of the Arabs refers to the type, as in His saying, the Exalted: "And We caused to grow therein from every delightful pair" [Q: 7] and His saying, the Mighty and Majestic: "Glorified is He who created all pairs" [Ya-Sin: 36]. It has been narrated in the stories of this verse that Noah, peace be upon him, would receive the animals, placing his right hand on the male and his left on the female. It has been narrated that the first to enter the Ark was the mouse, and the last to enter was the donkey. The devil held onto its tail, so Noah, peace be upon him, scolded it and it did not respond. He said to it: enter even if the devil is with you. Ibn Abbas said: This word slipped from his tongue, and the devil entered at that time, and he was in the back of the Ark, meaning at its rear, and it was said: he was on its back.

It has been narrated that Noah, peace be upon him, was troubled by the stench of the filth and excrement, so Allah revealed to him: wipe on the tail of the elephant, and he did so, and from the elephant - it was said: from its trunk - came forth a male and female pig, and that sufficed Noah and his family from that harm, and this comes from the fact that the type of pigs did not exist before that. It has been narrated that the mouse troubled the people in the Ark by gnawing at its ropes and other than that, so Allah commanded Noah to wipe on the forehead of the lion, and he did so, and it sneezed, and from it came forth a male and female cat, and they sufficed them from the mouse. It has also been narrated that the mouse came out from the nose of the pig.

Qadi Abu Muhammad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: All of this is a story that cannot be verified except with support, and Allah knows best how it was.

And His saying: "and your family" is an addition to what was done in "carry," and "the family" here refers to the relatives, with the condition of those among them who believed. They were specified as an honor, then it was mentioned who believed and is not of the family. There is a difference of opinion regarding the one about whom the saying has preceded. It was said: he is his son Yam, and Al-Naqqash said: his name is Kanaan. It was also said: it is his wife, whose name is Walihah, thus named with the letter 'ayn, unpointed. It was said: it is general concerning those who did not believe from the people of Noah and his clan. The meaning of the saying here is: the saying that he will be punished. And His saying: "and whoever believed" is an addition to His saying: "and your family." Then He said, informing about their condition: "and none believed with him except a few." There is a difference of opinion regarding that "few." It was said: they were eighty men and eighty women. It was said: all of them were three and eighty. It was said: they were eighty in total, as said by Al-Suddi. It was said: ten, and it was said: eight, as said by Qatadah. It was said: seven, and Allah knows best. It was said: there was in the ship a group of them, and it was said: no one was saved from drowning except 'Awj ibn 'Anq. And there were in the ship with Noah, peace be upon him, three of his sons: Sam, Ham, and Yafith, and Yam drowned. It was narrated from the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, that he said: "Sam is the father of the Arabs, Yafith is the father of the Romans, and Ham is the father of the Ethiopians."