Commentary
And when the most astonishing of its matters is debauchery, due to what has overwhelmed it from desires and passions, it knows that what it has from the deterrent of reason, based on sound transmission, is that debauchery is the ugliest of the ugly, and piety, due to what it establishes from the ownership of royal reason and the instinct of luminous knowledge, is the best of the good. It tastes that debauchery is the most delightful of delights, and that piety is the most bitter and the most difficult, and the heaviest and the most exhausting. He said, teaching that this cannot be achieved by anyone other than Him, for it is more astonishing than all that has passed, because an animal does not proceed to what harms it while it sees, even if it is cut, and a human being proceeds to what harms him while he knows and fights against whoever prevents him from it. So he said, causing what he omitted from the answer to the oath: "So He inspired it"; meaning the soul, the inspiration of the primordial nature that preceded it, "Am I not your Lord?" [Al-A'raf: 172]. "Its debauchery" means its inclination towards the call of desires and the lack of fear that leads to breaking the barriers of the Shari'ah due to that nature which has adjusted itself and its attributes in restraining the conflicting elements to the utmost degree of adjustment. "And its piety" means its fear that necessitated its tranquility and protects it with the safeguards of the Shari'ah. The verse is from the intertwining: mentioning debauchery first indicates the tranquility that is against it secondly, and mentioning piety secondly indicates its opposite, which is the lack of fear first. Its inspiration for both matters is making it aware of good and evil, prepared and ready for each of them. Then this was increased by complete clarification such that no ambiguity remained, thus doubts were removed by reason through instinct and inspiration, and by transmission through the message and informing. And it indicated by addition that all of this is attributed to it and inscribed upon it, even if it is by His creation and decree, for He has endowed it with strength and made for it a good choice for each of the two paths. He clarified the matter of the two paths in the books and upon the tongues of the messengers, blessings and peace be upon them, after He granted it the sound primordial nature and concealed from it the secret of decree, power, and knowledge of the outcome. Thus, He established the proof upon it and clarified the path.
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