Tafsir for verse: 9:90
وَجَآءَ ٱلۡمُعَذِّرُونَ مِنَ ٱلۡأَعۡرَابِ لِيُؤۡذَنَ لَهُمۡ وَقَعَدَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَبُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥۚ سَيُصِيبُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡهُمۡ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ٩٠ ﴿90
90And the excuse-makers from the Bedouins came, so that they might be allowed (to stay behind), while those who were false to Allah and His Messengers (just) stayed behind (without seeking permission). A painful punishment is about to fall upon those of them who disbelieve.
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Commentary

And when he concluded the stories of the people of the desert by condemning those among them who were wealthy for their failure, the condemnation of them was indeed due to their ability to go out in that direction. He preceded them for their abundance of hearing wisdom. The people of the camel were the most capable of traveling because their affairs were based on ease and mobility. They are more deserving of condemnation because they are in the utmost readiness for that. Then he followed them with: "And those who made excuses came"; meaning: those who exaggerated in asserting the hidden excuses that prevented them from jihad, as indicated by the merging. The reality of the excuse-maker is that he imagines he has an excuse while he has no excuse. The excuse is the facilitation of a means that deflects what has appeared of negligence. "Among the Bedouins"; it was said: they are the clan of Amir ibn al-Tufayl from Banu Amir, and it was said: Asad and Ghatafan, and it was said: a group from Gifar. "To be permitted"; meaning: for permission to be granted from any one who permits regarding their absence from the campaign. "For them"; meaning: they excused themselves with what they lied about and sat back from the campaign with you. Thus was the original, so he placed it in its position: "And those who lied against Allah"; meaning: He who is all-encompassing in knowledge and power. "And His Messenger"; as a reminder of their description and to make it clearer in encompassing the Bedouins and others.

And when among them was the one destined for disbelief and others, he said: "Surely, those who disbelieved will be afflicted"; meaning: with a promise that there is no changing in it. "With a painful punishment"; meaning: in both abodes.

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