And when the matter of abandonment was a cause for astonishment, he expressed his amazement and said: "Who would be astonished by it?" He denied it and said: "How can there be a covenant for the polytheists?" That is: the people of [UNTRANSLATED-LATIN: 'iraqah'] in polytheism, whose lineage in it and their love for its emergence necessitate the breach of the covenant, which is the most disgraceful and abhorrent among the Arabs. "A covenant with Allah" means: the one that encompasses the attributes of perfection. He does not love the breach from His allies; so how about from His enemies? "And with His Messenger" means: the one who is the most complete of creation, the most trustworthy, and the best at preserving covenants. Their actions are the opposites of His actions, and treachery has become apparent from them.

And when the questioning of denial is in the meaning of negation, the exception is valid from it. It is as if it was said: There is no covenant for the polytheists, "except for those with whom you made a covenant"; that is: among them, as previously mentioned, "at the Sacred Mosque"; that is: the sanctuary on the day of [UNTRANSLATED-LATIN: 'hudaybiyyah']. This indicates that the previous exception from "those" in His saying: "A declaration from Allah and His Messenger to those with whom you made a covenant from the polytheists" [At-Tawbah: 1]. Al-Baghawi said; Al-Suddi, Al-Kalbi, and Ibn Ishaq said: They are from the tribes of Bakr: the sons of Khuzaymah, the sons of Mudlij, the sons of Damrah, and the sons of Dail. They were those who had entered into a covenant with Quraysh on the day of [UNTRANSLATED-LATIN: 'hudaybiyyah']. The only ones who breached the covenant were Quraysh and the sons of Dail from the sons of Bakr. He commanded the fulfillment of the covenant for those who did not breach it. And when he made an exception, he clarified the ruling of the exception by saying: "So as long as they remain upright for you"; that is: they followed the straight path in fulfilling their covenant with you. "So be upright for them". And the statement about "Indeed, Allah"; that is: the one who encompasses majesty and beauty, "loves the righteous" as previously mentioned.