And when that was a place of amazement, it would be a reason to say: From where will that wealth come? He answered by saying: ﴿Fight﴾ meaning: the people of wealth and riches ﴿those who do not believe in Allah﴾ meaning: the One who has all the attributes of perfection. Their faith is based on what His messengers have informed about Him. If they had believed in this faith, they would not have denied a messenger from the messengers. Also, the Christians are trinitarians and some of the Jews are dualists ﴿and do not believe in the Last Day﴾ meaning: likewise. The least of that is that they do not speak of the gathering of bodies ﴿and do not prohibit what Allah has prohibited﴾ meaning: the Most High King who has all authority ﴿and His Messenger﴾ meaning: from polytheism and consuming wealth unjustly and other than that, and altering the Torah and the Gospel ﴿and do not practice﴾ meaning: they do not act and establish. It is derived from religion as an action, then it was added to its attribute, emphasizing its adoption by that description, and he said: ﴿the religion of truth﴾ meaning: that which His messengers took from them covenants and agreements to follow it. Then he clarified the connected with its relation by saying: ﴿from those﴾ and indicated his disdain, glorified and exalted is He, for them and his disavowal from them by building for the object of the action his saying: ﴿who were given the Scripture﴾ meaning: from the Jews and Christians and those who are associated with them ﴿until they give the jizyah﴾ meaning: which is what has been determined upon them in consideration of their residing in the lands of Islam safely, his action is from جَزى يَجْزِي.

When he has fulfilled what is upon him ﴿by hand﴾ meaning: a conquering hand if it is the hand of the taker or a subdued hand if it is the hand of the giver, from their saying: So-and-so gave with his hand ﴿and they are humbled﴾ so in that is a wealth that does not resemble what you were in of fighting one another to gain what is in his hand of that insignificant wealth, nor what you counted as wealth from the trades, the greatest and the smallest of which do not reach what we have guided you to, along with what is in that of possible honor from reform and obedience, and you will see. He expressed by hand about the force that results in humiliation and subjugation; because it is the overpowering tool. The meaning is: by a conquering hand for them, meaning: by a subjugation from you to them and a force by their actions which belittled their greatness and humiliated them by its severity. Abu Ubaidah said: It is said for everyone who gives something unwillingly and without good will: He gave it by hand. End.

And he expressed by: "by" which is for transgression; because giving can only occur after the humiliating force. This is if the hand of the taker is intended, and it is possible that the hand of the giver is intended, and it could be a metonymy for the self because the intended jizyah is wealth, and the hand is one of its greatest means. The meaning is: until each one of them gives the jizyah by himself.