And when he denied that they could have that, and the Friend, peace be upon him, who was commanded to follow him and adhere to his religion, had sought forgiveness for his father, it was made clear that he had also done so before knowing what was in the essence of the matter regarding his deserving of eternal punishment in the Fire. He said, indicating with the conjunction that the estimation is: no one from the believers sought forgiveness for them after knowing: "And the seeking of forgiveness by Ibrahim," meaning the Friend of Allah, "for his father," meaning after he opposed him in religion, "except for a promise," meaning it is his saying: "I will surely ask forgiveness for you, and I possess not for you from Allah any thing" [Al-Mumtahana: 4]. And he affirmed the fulfillment of the promise by saying: "He promised him," meaning the Friend for his father, before he knew that he had shown enmity, and it was said that the pronoun refers to his father, he had promised him that he would embrace Islam, so he sought forgiveness for him, thinking that he had been truthful in his promise that he would embrace Islam. And that which indicates that he was before his knowledge of that is his saying: "So when it became clear to him" [meaning a clear and decisive clarification] "that he is an enemy to Allah," meaning the Most High King, eternally hostile to Him by dying upon disbelief or by revelation that he would die upon it.

"He disavowed," meaning he forced himself to disavow "him," then he explained what the form of the verb indicates regarding dealing with it by saying: "Indeed, Ibrahim is indeed forbearing," meaning he is very gentle, which necessitates groaning from fear of Allah and compassion for the servants; Al-Zajjaj said: and groaning is to hear from the chest a sound from the heavy breathing. "Forbearing," meaning he is very patient and overlooks what harms him; thus he was created in the essence of himself, so how about in relation to his father, even if he said to him: "I will surely stone you, and leave me" [Maryam: 46] and even more than that; Imam Abu Muhammad Ishaq ibn Ibrahim ibn Ismail al-Basiti, the judge, said in his tafsir: Harmah narrated to us, Ibn Wahb informed me, Ibn Jurayj from Ayub ibn Hani from Masruq ibn al-Ajda from Abdullah ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him: "That the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, went out one day, and we went out with him until he reached the graves. He commanded us, so we sat, then he passed over the graves until he reached one of them and sat by it, and he spoke to it for a long time, then the wailing of the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, rose, weeping, and we wept for the weeping of the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him. Then the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, came to us, and Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, received him and said: What made you weep, O Messenger of Allah? For you have made us weep and frightened us. He took Umar's hand, may Allah be pleased with him, then came to us and we approached him, and he said: Did my weeping frighten you? We said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah! He said: Indeed, the grave that you saw me speaking to is the grave of Amina bint Wahb, and I sought permission from my Lord to seek forgiveness for her, but He did not grant me permission, and it was revealed to me: "It is not for the Prophet and those who have believed to ask forgiveness for the polytheists, even if they were relatives" [At-Tawbah: 113] until the end of the verse.

And the seeking forgiveness of Ibrahim for his father was only due to a promise he had made to him. So, I was taken by what takes a child from tenderness; that is what made me cry." - And this is a good chain. And in Muslim, Abu Dawood, An-Nasa'i, and Ibn Majah in the funerals from Abu Huraira, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: "The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, visited his mother's grave and wept, and made those around him weep. He said: 'I sought permission from my Lord to seek forgiveness for her, but He did not grant me permission. I sought permission to visit her grave, and He granted me permission. So, visit the graves; for they remind you of death.'"

And in Al-Bukhari in the interpretation and others from Ibn Al-Musayyib from his father, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: "When death approached Abu Talib, the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, entered, and Abu Jahl and Abdullah ibn Abi Umayyah were with him. The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said: 'O my uncle! Say: There is no deity but Allah, I will argue for you with it before Allah.' Abu Jahl and Abdullah ibn Abi Umayyah said: 'O Abu Talib! Do you desire a religion other than that of Abdul Muttalib?' - And in a narration: The last thing he spoke to them was that he said: 'He is on the religion of Abdul Muttalib.' - The Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, said: 'I will certainly seek forgiveness for you as long as I am not forbidden from doing so.' Then the verse was revealed: 'It is not for the Prophet and those who have believed to ask forgiveness for the polytheists' [At-Tawbah: 113]. And Allah revealed concerning Abu Talib: 'Indeed, you do not guide whom you love, but Allah guides whom He wills' [Al-Qasas: 56]. - And perhaps he continued to seek forgiveness for him between his death and the Battle of Tabuk until it was revealed, and it has been narrated regarding the reason for its revelation other than this as well, and it has been established that multiple reasons may exist.