Tafsir for verse: 9:109
أَفَمَنۡ أَسَّسَ بُنۡيَٰنَهُۥ عَلَىٰ تَقۡوَىٰ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرِضۡوَٰنٍ خَيۡرٌ أَم مَّنۡ أَسَّسَ بُنۡيَٰنَهُۥ عَلَىٰ شَفَا جُرُفٍ هَارٖ فَٱنۡهَارَ بِهِۦ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَۗ وَٱللَّهُ لَا يَهۡدِي ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ١٠٩ ﴿109
109Then tell me, which one is better, whether the one who has founded his building on fear of Allah and on search of His pleasure, or the one who has founded his building on the edge of an abyss that is about to collapse, then it did collapse with him into the fire of Jahannam ? Allah does not give guidance to the unjust people.
AI-Assisted Translation: This translation was produced by AI agents carefully trained over several months and thoroughly reviewed. It does NOT replace the scholarship of traditional scholars and is intended as a step in the right direction to make classical tafsir more accessible. There may still be inaccuracies—please report them promptly so we can improve the translation quality.

Commentary

And when it was known from this by way of indication and hint that the foundation is like the beginning of the creation of animals, then whoever was created from the first time with an innate disposition of evil will never be suitable for good nor accept it, as Allah, the Most High, said: "And if He had made them hear, they would have turned away while they were aversive" [Al-Anfal: 23]. He mentioned it explicitly, thus causing from what has passed his saying, likening falsehood to a building on the edge of a very weak valley at the brink of Hell: "Is he who laid the foundation of his building" meaning as I indicated to you in the mosque that was hastened to with the intention of it "on piety from Allah" meaning the Most High King "and pleasure". So he was like one who built his building on a mountain that the rains do not destroy nor do the floods affect it. "Better or one who laid the foundation of his building" on sin and immorality and lack of concern for matters, thus he was like one who built his building "on the edge" meaning on the brink, and from it is the edge "of a cliff" meaning the place of the flood's gully and its erosion, thus he became overlooking the fall. And for this reason, he said: "crumbling" meaning crumbling, from the crumbling of the cliff - when it is about to collapse due to the floods. "So it crumbled" meaning: thus his building became a cause for him to fall with a fall that has no stability with it "in the fire of Hell". The answer is: there is no doubt the first is better, rather there is no good in the second at all. And the amazement is all the amazement from the fact that he built this building like this. So it was answered that there is no amazement because the matter is in the hand of Allah, there is no escape from His decree, and He has guided the first to what is in his righteousness, and did not guide the second to what He knew of his lack of receptivity to good. "And Allah" who has the attributes of perfection "does not guide the people" meaning those who have the power to attempt what they want "the wrongdoers" meaning those who are naturally inclined to the darkness of insight, so they do not disbelieve in anything except that it comes in a different place and in a disordered manner like the steps of one walking in the dark. And it is known that the verse is of the type of implication: it first affirmed piety; because the people of Islam are more deserving of it, thus it indicated the omission of its opposite secondly. And it secondly affirmed the weakness of the building in a physical sense because the mosque of harm is more deserving of it, thus it indicated the omission of its opposite first. So he mentioned the rational end for its people and the tangible beginning for those who observe it; and it was narrated from Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: I saw smoke from the mosque of harm; and it was reported from Khalaf ibn Yasar that he saw in it a stone from which smoke was coming in the first state of the Abbasid dynasty.

Explore Other Scholars on This Verse

Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah At-Tawbah verse 109

Al-Biqa'iBurhān ad-Dīn Ibrāhīm al-Biqāʿī
Learn more about Al-Biqa'i
1330 / 6181