And when he mentioned those whom he loves for the sake of Allah, he mentioned those whom he hates for the sake of Allah. The sign of love is following, and the sign of hatred is avoidance, cessation, innovation, and refusal. He said: ﴿And he avoids it﴾ meaning he burdens himself and his original upright nature to avoid the remembrance by which we desire to remind him of the noblest of creatures and the greatest of them, and the connection with the Creator. And when this one who is treating himself for the crookedness is greatly obstinate, he said: ﴿The most wretched﴾ meaning the one who has this description absolutely because he opposed the noblest of the messengers, so he does not fear, and he was the most wretched of people, just as the one who believes in him (blessings and peace be upon him) is more noble than the one who believed in those before him from the messengers, may peace and blessings be upon them.