Those whom you made a covenant with among them are the Jews without a doubt. They are either the Banu Qaynuqa, or the Banu Nadir, or the Banu Qurayza, or all of them according to the distribution. Each of them violated what was taken from him by the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, of the covenants, and broke what he had confirmed of the promises.

And since the covenant is worthy of fulfillment, especially from the scholars, He expressed it by saying: "Then they violate their covenant." That is, they renew their violation whenever a fleeting spark of falsehood appears to them that changes the face of the truth. Then He magnified the disgrace upon them by saying: "In every instance." Then He alerted to their satisfaction from the rank of high honor and the disgrace of foolishness and extravagance by their lack of fear from the consequence of treachery by saying: "And they do not fear." That is, the people in their blame of them for that, nor Allah in this world by allowing them, nor in the Hereafter by humiliating them, then casting them after the calling of disgrace into the Fire.