Tafsir for verse: 78:38
يَوۡمَ يَقُومُ ٱلرُّوحُ وَٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةُ صَفّٗاۖ لَّا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إِلَّا مَنۡ أَذِنَ لَهُ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ وَقَالَ صَوَابٗا ٣٨ ﴿38
38on the Day when the Spirit and the angels will stand in rows. They will not speak, except the one who is permitted by the RaHmān (the All-Merciful Allah) and speaks aright.
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Commentary

And when this is the case, this may sometimes lead to the closing of the door of intercession with Him, glorified and exalted is He. The speech indeed arises from the spirit, and the angels are the closest beings to spirituality. This meaning is confirmed, removing what may be implied regarding intercession, whether we say that the spirit here is a kind or not. He said, mentioning the context of ﴿They do not speak﴾ ﴿On the Day the Spirit stands﴾, meaning this kind or a creation from the creations of Allah, of great significance. It was said that he is the king assigned to the spirits or Gabriel, peace be upon him, or the Qur'an referred to in His words: ﴿He sends down the angels with the Spirit of His command﴾ [An-Nahl: 2] and ﴿And thus We revealed to you a Spirit from Our command﴾ [Ash-Shura: 52]. This was said by Ibn Zayd. And the angels, meaning all of them, are alerted by the formation for the severity of the matter. He said: ﴿In ranks﴾ for the encounter of what is in that day from the terrors of horrors and for the preservation of the two weights, while they are in the midst of the circle of their ranks from the waves and turmoil due to the enormity of what they are in. Then the matter was further magnified by mentioning the worker in ﴿On that Day﴾, saying: ﴿They do not speak﴾, meaning from the precedence of all of them together in it with a single word, whether it was a speech or not, not for Him, glorified and exalted is He, nor for anyone else at all, and no one among them. It is permissible that this is a state for these specific ones, and the pronoun refers to them, so others are excluded by priority. ﴿Except for whom He permits﴾, meaning in speech, a special permission. ﴿The Most Merciful﴾, meaning the king whose blessings are not upon any of His creation except from Him. ﴿And he says the truth﴾, for if the matter does not occur if speech does not happen from any of them at all. This is like evidence for the verse of address that if the spirit and the one closest to it are in this situation in the presence of all those who are present, they would be in greater need of speech, so what is the assumption regarding others? And they are in others likewise by priority and others in it and in others by way of priority. As for in this world, although no one speaks except by His permission, they may speak with error.

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