Commentary
And when He, glorified and exalted is He, mentioned the vastness of His grace, He described Himself, the Most Sacred, with what indicates His greatness, as an increase in the honor of the addressed ﷺ. For the greatness of the servant is according to the greatness of the master. He said, changing from the reading of the congregation and affirming the raising in praise according to the Hijazis and Abu Amr: "Lord of the heavens and the earth," meaning the Creator of them, the Planner of them, and their Owner, "and what is between them," in ownership and kingship. And when that included the Throne and what is below it, He explained it by saying: "The Most Merciful," meaning the One who has the general grace, the least of which is existence, and that is not for anyone other than Him. For indeed, all are included in His ownership and kingship. And for this reason, He said, indicating the might after the attribute of mercy: "They do not possess," meaning the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth, and from between that, fundamentally, always at a time from the times in this world or in the Hereafter, not on a specific day: "from Him," meaning the general blessing specifically, "a speech," meaning that they may address Him or address others with a word that is above it in their matter, in utmost concern for Him, as indicated by the expression of speech. So how about what is below it? And if they do not possess that from Him, then from whom? And all are in His ownership and kingship. And their lack of ownership to address Him is understood as an agreement. The result is that they cannot address anything from their own selves, as is the case with the owner. As for others, they may have the ability to compel Him to address them and to speak to Him without permission from that [other] - nor with His approval - and without possession from Him for them, for He has no ownership over them. And if this is the case in addressing, what do you think of one who claims connection through unity - upon them be the curse and for them is a bad return. How bold they are in claiming unity! And the master Abu al-Qasim al-Qushayri said: How can the Creator, the created, and the poor, the needy, have the ability to possess addressing Him or to take a breath? No, rather He is Allah, the One, the Compeller.
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