Commentary
And when the context from the beginning of the Surah is for their warning, and it is necessary for the validity of the warning to affirm the message, and it concluded with the matter of being led astray, and they had committed sins that only one with blinded insight would dare to commit, and they held that whoever said that they were in a bad state, despite the apparent blessings they were in, was insane. And the estimation indicated the validity of the being led astray; did they not see that they were engaging in what no sane person would accept for himself, such as their worship of stone and their turning away from the most complete of humans, and describing him as insane, and describing the best of words as magic and lies, and other than that, which angers the One in whose hand is only benefit and harm, while He continues to bestow upon them blessings and repels from them calamities. Is that not but being led astray? He said, denying them, in a manner that aligns with what the context has guided and the connection to what is not connected to it in its estimation: 'Do they not reflect?' meaning: they should use their thoughts and delve into arranging the premises to know that there is no reproach directed at them that would lead to any suspicion in any way. And He clarified the intended meaning of this reflection and specified it by saying: 'What is with their companion?' meaning: the one whose experience with them has been long, for he is the most rational among them and the best in character. And He did not say: 'What is with my Messenger and the like,' so that their obstinate ones would not say what is not hidden. And He immersed in the negation and said: 'of madness,' meaning: a state of madness. And when He negated that there was anything with him from what they attributed to him and fabricated against him, his message was established. He confined his matter to warning, for it is beneficial for them, even though its position in this Surah is: 'Indeed, he is only a warner,' meaning: one who is profound in his warning, 'clear,' meaning: clarifying the path in a way that no one else can reach. And among the evidence for that is the incapacity of creation to oppose anything that he brings, as he is the best of people in creation, the highest in character, the best in companionship, the most pleasing in method, the most just in conduct, the purest in inner self, the most honorable in action, the most knowledgeable in understanding, the most steadfast in opinion, the greatest in intellect, the most trustworthy, and the most manifest in nobility.
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