Tafsir for verse: 7:149
وَلَمَّا سُقِطَ فِيٓ أَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَرَأَوۡاْ أَنَّهُمۡ قَدۡ ضَلُّواْ قَالُواْ لَئِن لَّمۡ يَرۡحَمۡنَا رَبُّنَا وَيَغۡفِرۡ لَنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ١٤٩ ﴿149
149When they became remorseful and saw that they had gone astray, they said, “If Allah shows no mercy to us, and does not forgive us, we shall certainly be among the losers.”
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Commentary

And when this was in the context of ﴿That is because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them﴾ [Al-A'raf: 146], it resulted in the fact that whoever lies about this description is destroyed. The listener awaited the news of their swift destruction. It was informed that He prevented them from that and deprived them of the opportunity to hasten to repentance. When the listener's longing for it intensified, He presented it based on its cause, which is the return of Musa, peace be upon him, to them and his denial of them. And since the context is in mentioning their hastening in sin, he did not mention the acceptance of their repentance as in Al-Baqarah. And since it is known that they realized the nearness of the evil they committed due to the presence of their prophet among them, it was expressed in a way that implied that the estimation is: they fell into their own hands. He added to it [his saying] in a manner that is known: ﴿And when they fell﴾ meaning: their teeth fell ﴿into their hands﴾ some of them in regret, falling as if it were without choice due to the overwhelming grief and sorrow that removed their contemplation. Therefore, he built it for the passive voice ﴿And they saw that they had gone astray﴾ meaning: from the clear path. ﴿They said﴾ in repentance and returning to Allah as their father Adam, peace be upon him, said: ﴿Unless our Lord has mercy on us﴾ meaning: the One who has never ceased His kindness towards us, so how about His anger and He continues His kindness ﴿and forgive us﴾ meaning: to erase our sins in essence and effect so that He does not take vengeance on us in the future ﴿we will surely be among the losers﴾ meaning: He will take vengeance on us for our sins.

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