Commentary
And when it is known that they are of two types: the doer of good and the doer of evil, and the estimation is: we will give each of you the record of his deeds from his actions and words and all of his creations and states. Among you is one to whom it is given in his right hand, so his good deeds appear to him and his bad deeds are concealed from him. And among you is one who is given it in his left hand, so his bad deeds become apparent to him and he erases what was of his good deeds, because he has been given his reward in this world for what has been hastened for him of his good things. He has been detailed by his saying: ﴿So as for he who is given﴾, he has built it for the one who is acted upon, because the indication of happiness is the occurrence in the right hand, not from a specific giver. ﴿His record﴾ means that which he has recorded in it of his deeds. ﴿In his right hand, he will say﴾ due to what he sees of his happiness, boasting about his state and showing the blessing of his Lord, because man is inclined to show what he has been given of good, completing his pleasure by suppressing his enemies and delighting his allies. It has been said: his bad deeds are written in the inner part of his record and his good deeds in its outer part. So he reads the inner part and the people read the outer part. When he finishes, it is said to him: Allah has forgiven it. Turn over the record. At that time, his saying: ﴿Here, take﴾ means: take, O you who are present from the creation, the angels and others. In it is a sound from which the meaning of: (p-361) take is understood, and it is sometimes connected with the letter 'kaf' and sometimes with the hamzah, a verbal noun. He has chosen it here to know that its address is to all the people of the standing, whether they are hidden from the angels and the jinn and others, or whether they are apparent. For the 'alif' among the divine beings is the unseen and encompassing, as indicated by its utterance. It is an expression among them for the highest, encompassing one. The meaning of this has been narrated from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both. And the hamzah is the beginning of His unseen, and thus its utterance is at the farthest of the throat letters, indicating that. The beginning of the unseen of Allah, glorified and exalted is He, is His actions, which encompass the apparent and the hidden. Its origin is the 'kaf', so it is among them a complete appearance with independence, and it is one whose nature is to appear. The children of the same kind are more deserving of this. This has been indicated by the utterance of the 'kaf' which comes after the 'qaf' from the origin of the tongue closest to its center. And the effect of 'ma' is omitted among the Basri scholars, indicated by 'read my record' from his saying: ﴿Read my record﴾. And 'here' is for silence, as if it is an indication of the severity of the distress on that day, indicating that if this happy one is silent in every sentence for rest, it cannot be estimated in speech to proceed, then what is the assumption of others? It also indicates the emptiness of the matter and the decisiveness of the assertion of it and the assurance that it will not change.
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