Commentary
And when it was in response to their saying in this manner, along with swearing without evidence, it indicated the need to reflect on the previous words with what they contained of evidence, of which that evident proof is part. This caused his saying to be a clarification of what has passed from the evidence and a gathering of the hadith of Jibril, blessings and peace be upon him, regarding faith in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and destiny, its good and evil, Islam, and ihsan: ﴿So believe in Allah﴾, meaning the One who has complete knowledge of everything and that there is no equal to Him and no one can repel His command. And when this called him to believe in Him, glorified and exalted is He, through reason and transmission, mention and thought, he followed with belief in the messengers from the angels and humans, saying: ﴿and His messenger﴾, meaning everyone whom He has sent, especially Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, with what has been established of his confirmation through miracles that he is His messenger. And it is necessary from believing in him to believe in those who conveyed it to him from the angels. And when those miracles necessitate knowledge, they are most deserving of the name of light, for light is the manifestation of things after they are concealed by the veil of darkness. And the greatest of those miracles and most deserving of that are the books of Allah revealed to His prophets, blessings and peace be upon them, and the greatest of them is the Qur'an, which, along with its miraculous nature, is a clarification of everything. He said: ﴿and the light﴾, and He specified it by saying: ﴿which We have revealed﴾, meaning with what we have of greatness, so it was miraculous, and by its miracle, it is apparent in itself and manifests for others. And although this is the reality, mentioning this description is suitable for encompassing all that Allah, glorified and exalted is He, has revealed to His messengers, blessings and peace be upon them. And it is known that the greatest of them is the Qur'an revealed to His most honored messenger, blessings and peace be upon him and upon all of them. So it is most deserving of that name of light for what has passed from its miraculous nature. So whoever believes in it, Allah will enter his heart with the lights of understanding, kindness, and tranquility that illuminate the regions.
And when the estimation was: and Allah will hold you accountable for what you have responded to His favor upon you with, whether in faith or disbelief, He followed it with a statement that encourages and warns, saying: ﴿And Allah﴾, meaning the One who encompasses in knowledge and ability, and He preceded the preposition for what has previously been mentioned more than once for additional emphasis, saying: ﴿for what you do﴾, meaning what you carry out of actions at a time of times. ﴿All-Aware﴾, meaning possessing complete knowledge of its hidden and apparent.
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