Commentary
And when it was known from his understanding of the motivators and intimidators, he does not do that except in what he is not able to preserve and control, so that the worker does not need a supervisor to safeguard it and an agent to enforce that work and control it. And the saying of the hypocrites was earlier in spending and giving from the calamities. And the calamities are pleasant if they come from the beloved. He said in response to one who imagines the lack of ability, completing what has passed from the deeds with faith in divine decree, both of its good and evil. Encouraging submission and intimidating from despair, limiting the action to encompass every action: "Whatever strikes" means anyone to whom calamities can be directed. And he mentioned the action as an indication of strength, and he emphasized the negation with his saying: "of calamity" meaning any calamity, whether it is religious or worldly, from disbelief or otherwise. "Except by the permission of Allah" means by the decree of the Greatest King and His enabling. So it is not appropriate for a believer that anything from that should hinder him from the beneficial piety on the Day of Mutual Loss.
And when what is decreed results from that: whoever disbelieves in Allah's decree upon him, disbelief leads his heart astray and increases him in misguidance, so he does what causes him to delve into calamity until it becomes multiple calamities that destroy him. He added to it his saying, motivating towards the first pillar of Islam, which is the rectification of the scientific power: "And whoever believes in Allah" means that faith exists at a certain time and is renewed by the testimony that there is no deity except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, by the decree of the Greatest King and His permission. "He guides his heart" means He increases him in guidance by what He renews for him of success at all times until his faith is firmly established, and every calamity is removed from him. For he remembers that it is from Allah and that what has struck him would not have missed him, and what has missed him would not have struck him. So he submits to His decree, he is patient for it, and he does and says what Allah and His Messenger have commanded him, so it becomes easier for him. And nothing hinders him from anything of the salvations on the Day of Mutual Loss. Rather, he will attain through it numerous profits and benefits, so his life will be good with comprehensive well-being in religious and worldly matters. For with well-being in worldly matters, life in this world is good, and with well-being in religious matters, life in the Hereafter is good. So life will be pleasing, and that is by making his actions correct in both his ease and hardship, and he leaves every immoral act, whether religious, bodily, or hidden in the heart, and he leaves the panic in worldly calamities such as fear, hunger, loss of wealth, lives, and fruits. And that is because with the rectification of the heart, the whole body becomes rectified.
And when the decree is an explanation for that: Allah is, indeed, capable of all things. He does not allow anything to exist except by His permission. He then emphasizes His saying: 'And Allah,' meaning the King who has no equal, 'of all things' absolutely, without duality, 'is All-Knowing.' So when one who has guided his heart realizes this, every false belief, whether disbelief, innovation, or vile attribute, is removed.
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