Commentary
And when what He, the Most High, clarified regarding their expulsion is evident due to their enmity, and the duration of their restraint from harming them was from the year of the Confederates, the year five, to the year eight, it perhaps raised doubts about its matter. And He, glorified and exalted is He, had honored the believers after their humiliation and strengthened them after their weakness and frailty, and educated them after their ignorance. He clarified the shadows of the belief in that the restraint of the disbelievers is due to their incapacity. If they had what the Muslims have now in terms of strength, they would have hastened to manifest enmity, although that is in support of Satan. Therefore, the allies of the Most Merciful are more deserving of following what He has given them of faith. He said, clarifying the persistence of their enmity: "If they find you," meaning they find you at a time and place, and they desire to seize you because they are stronger than you or know something by which they can achieve victory. He indicated with the tool of doubt that their finding you while they are in a state of strength is something that cannot be realized. Rather, it is merely hypothetical and theoretical, and He only knows, glorified is He, how it would be if it were to happen, although it is something that will not happen. And He alerted to their deep-rootedness in enmity by expressing it in the form of being, saying: "They will be to you," meaning specifically, "enemies," meaning they will strive to harm you with every possible harm, even if you were to befriend them. And since enmity may be through inciting others, He made it known that due to their intense rage, they will not limit themselves to that. He said: "And they will extend to you," meaning specifically, even if there are at that time among others who have killed the dearest of people to them, "their hands," meaning by striking if they are able, "and their tongues," meaning by cursing, combined with the actions of their hands, acting like one whose chest is constricted by what he has endured from others of your kind from the stories until it necessitated for him the utmost expansion "with evil," meaning with everything that would cause harm.
And when the most hostile of enemies to you are those who wish that you miss the dearest of things to you, and the dearest of things to everyone is their religion, He said, completing the clarification: "And they wished," meaning this affection occurred from them before this because the calamity of religion is the greatest. They are quicker to it because the habit of the enemy is to aim for the greatest harm he sees for his enemy. And He expressed it in a way that implies the wish that occurs in the impossible, so the meaning is that they loved that to the utmost of love and wished for it. And in it is good news that it is of the kind of the impossible: "If you were to disbelieve," meaning if disbelief occurs from you, which necessitates eternal destruction. He preceded the first because it is clearer in enmity, although the second is more harmful.
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