Commentary
And when it became established that none other than Allah prevents from Allah in any way, neither their deities which they claimed to be their intercessors nor anything else - it was confirmed that they are upon the utmost clarity that everything besides Him does not benefit anything nor harm. Thus, it was in the utmost reproach to them His saying: ﴿Say﴾ meaning: after you have established the evidence that no one has any command with Allah, denying them and reproaching them ﴿Should we invoke﴾ meaning: the invocation of worship, and He clarified the insignificance of their objects of worship by saying: ﴿besides Allah﴾ meaning: the One who is unique in all matters.
And when the context was for enumerating the blessings ﴿Who created the heavens and the earth﴾ [Al-An'am: 1] ﴿He created you from clay﴾ [Al-An'am: 2] ﴿He provides food and is not provided for﴾ [Al-An'am: 14] ﴿And He sends upon you guardians﴾ [Al-An'am: 61] ﴿Who saves you from the darkness of land and sea﴾ [Al-An'am: 63] ﴿Allah saves you from it and from every distress﴾ [Al-An'am: 64] - He prioritized the benefit in His saying: ﴿What does not benefit us nor harm us﴾ meaning: it cannot achieve anything of that, so that they may be in utmost despair from following the party of Allah for them. And this is like the justification for His saying ﴿Indeed, I have been forbidden to worship those whom you invoke besides Allah﴾ [Al-An'am: 56].
And when He mentioned the lack of benefit in their invocation - He indicated the existence of loss in their hopes - He said: ﴿And we would be returned﴾ meaning: by returning to polytheism, and He built it for the passive form because the denial is the return itself from any returner. ﴿On our heels﴾ meaning: so we would take the path contrary to our intention and we would always be in loss by distancing from the intended goal ﴿After Allah has guided us﴾ meaning: the One with whom there is no good except with Him and no harm except He is capable of it, towards the direction of the intended goal, and He granted us success for it and saved us from polytheism.
And when He depicted their state, He likened it by saying: ﴿Like one﴾ meaning: we would be returned from the height of proximity to the intended goal to the lowliness of distance from it, a return like that of one ﴿Whom the devils have enticed﴾ meaning: they sought his descent from his rank ﴿The devils﴾ and they brought him down from the horizon of his intended goal to the depths of his ruin. He likened his state to that of one who has fallen from a high place into a dark abyss, so he is in a state of his fall in utmost turmoil and certainty of destruction and blindness to salvation ﴿In the earth﴾ while he is ﴿bewildered﴾ lost, straying, not finding his way nor knowing how to proceed. Then he resumed his saying: ﴿He has companions﴾ meaning: a number, but due to the intensity of his bewilderment, he does not accept ﴿They call him to guidance﴾ and He clarified their calling by saying: ﴿Come to us﴾ and he has indeed been overwhelmed by the matter, following the devils, not responding to them nor coming to them because he has been overpowered by himself, and a barrier has been placed between him and the lessons and admonitions.
And when this is something they know and have witnessed repeatedly, and they were aware that the supplication of his companions for him is in the utmost sincerity and goodness, and that if he follows them, he will be saved, otherwise he will perish in a way that cannot be remedied, their response was: Indeed, the supplication of his companions for him is guidance. This indicates that it is truly insignificant to the extent that it can be said: It is not guidance in relation to that which he calls them to, by saying: ﴿Say, indeed, the guidance of Allah﴾ meaning: the one that encompasses the attributes of perfection ﴿is﴾ meaning: specifically ﴿the guidance﴾ meaning: and not anything else like the supplication of the misguided. Rather, that guidance, along with saving him from destruction, is nothing compared to this guidance; because the thing is that which leads to the happiness of eternity.
And when the estimation is: We have been commanded to adhere to it and leave everything else, He added to it a general command and said: ﴿And we have been commanded to submit﴾ meaning: and the command has been returned to us from the One who has no command for others with everything that pleases Him, that we submit, by establishing Islam, which is complete submission, so we abandon all desires, and that we establish prayer by performing it with all its apparent and hidden limits, so we adorn ourselves with its practice, the most honorable adornment ﴿for the Lord of the worlds﴾ meaning: for His kindness to everyone with everything He has created;
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