Tafsir for verse: 6:42
وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَآ إِلَىٰٓ أُمَمٖ مِّن قَبۡلِكَ فَأَخَذۡنَٰهُم بِٱلۡبَأۡسَآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَتَضَرَّعُونَ ٤٢ ﴿42
42We did send messengers to communities before you and put them to hardships and sufferings, so that they may supplicate in humility.
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Commentary

And when He established for them with this verse the proof of His Oneness, until the paths were illuminated in reminding them that supplication can remove calamity, He informed them that abandoning it leads to misery. This was to encourage them to continue it and to warn them against neglecting it. He said: ﴿And We certainly sent﴾ meaning: with what We have of greatness ﴿to nations﴾ meaning: people who are led by one another, and they are worthy of being sought by people, due to their multitude and greatness.

And when the intended meaning was some of the nations, those whom Allah intended to witness and narrated their stories - He included the preposition, saying: ﴿before you﴾ meaning: messengers who opposed them. This omission was made better by it being understood. ﴿So We seized them﴾ meaning: Our sending to them was a reason for Us to seize them with Our greatness, so that they might turn away from what Satan had adorned for them to what the messengers call them to ﴿with adversity﴾ from the infliction of killing upon them ﴿and hardship﴾ by inflicting poverty and pains ﴿that perhaps they might supplicate﴾ meaning: so that their state would be like that of one whose submission and humility is hoped for in a profound manner, by what it guides to - with the form of تفعيل - the manifestation. This is because its purpose is to provide evidence for Oneness, and when uncovering the fundamentals, it is necessary to excel in worship, contrary to what comes in the Heights.

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