Commentary
And when Allah, the Most High, affirmed His testimony for him by confirming that he is truthful, this perhaps misled some into thinking that others besides Allah, the Most High, do not know this. Especially since the disbelievers of Quraysh claimed that they asked the people of the two scriptures and they claimed that they do not know him. He followed this with His saying in a manner of resumption: "Those to whom We have given the Scripture" meaning: by virtue of the greatness that We have from the Jews and Christians, "the Book" meaning: the one that encompasses the good of this world and the Hereafter, which is the Torah and the Gospel. "They know him" meaning: the truth that you denied when it came to you, and the dispute arose between me and you regarding it, due to what they have in their scripture of my description, which they do not doubt, and due to what they are familiar with of the miracles that have been established by it, and due to what is in this Qur'an of confirmation of their scripture and the revelation of what they concealed of their news, and of its styles which they do not doubt are derived from the light of their scripture, along with its addition of miraculousness. They know this truth "as they know their own sons" meaning: among the boys by their features and descriptions with a knowledge they do not doubt. And you have placed them in a position of trust, and you have regarded them as judges by asking them about me more than once. And a group of them has believed in me and testified for me. So why do you not follow them! Truly, the desire has become clear and the veil has been lifted from your misguidance.
And when most of them conceal this and do not testify to it, he said in response to those who ask about them: "Those who have lost" meaning: among them, but he omitted it for generalization, "themselves, so they" meaning: because of that, "do not believe" meaning: for what has been decreed for them of misery, which they have lost themselves by turning away from what the sound nature and the straight thought called to. And whoever loses himself, he does not believe, so how can he testify! This sentence has clarified that whoever does not testify among them is, in reality, dead or lifeless; because whoever's soul has died is like that, rather they are more miserable than him. For that misery has led them to distort their scripture and conceal much of what testifies to me of prophethood. Thus, they were the most unjust of creation by lying in the Book of Allah to deny the messengers of Allah.
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