Commentary
And with that, the beauty of the arrangement of His saying becomes clear: "And what is [the matter] with you" meaning: what is there for you in "that you do not eat of what has been mentioned" meaning: it is acceptable to mention "the name of Allah" meaning: the One to whom belongs everything "upon it". For indeed, the naming is a substitute for His permission. "And indeed" meaning: while He has "detailed for you" meaning: previously, and the creation is His creation, and the command is His command, "what He has prohibited upon you" meaning: of what has not been prohibited in a clear detail, evident proof, "except what you are compelled to" meaning: for indeed, necessity removes the detail from it by reverting it to what it was before the detail; thus, everything becomes permissible without detail in it. The intended meaning in this verse varies according to the different addressees. As for those who were addressed at the time of its revelation, the intended detail is that which the following verse brings, for it was revealed as a whole, as was everything similar to it that was revealed in Mecca before this surah, as well as what the Prophet ﷺ informed about in a recited revelation at that time. And perhaps its recitation was abrogated while its ruling remains, or a non-recited revelation from all the hadiths that preceded this surah. As for those who were addressed after its arrangement in this manner, the intended meaning for them is [as] in Al-Baqarah and Al-Ma'idah and other previous surahs - concerning what is lawful and unlawful.
And when the estimation is: whoever acts upon these commands will be guided by what he has obtained from knowledge, and they are few, he added to it his saying: "And indeed many" meaning: of the people "will lead astray" (p-244) meaning: there will occur from them misguidance, and they will cause others to fall into it by their turning away from what the commands of Allah called for and what His clarification guided to, thus they will be in danger of destruction "by their desires" meaning: because of their following their whims; and since the whim - which is the inclination of the soul - may sometimes align with what knowledge leads to by correct thought and clear reason, he said: "without knowledge" meaning: he called for that [from those who have knowledge] from a previous Shari'ah from those who have the command.
And when they denied this, he affirmed for his noble self what is universally accepted by everyone and presented it as evidence for the correctness of what he informed about: "Indeed, your Lord" meaning: the One who has done good to you by sending down this book is a witness for you of its miraculous nature by its confirmation "He is" meaning: alone "the Most Knowing". And the place for the implicit was made explicit for generalization and to draw attention to the description that necessitated that for them, so he said: "of the transgressors" meaning: those who exceed the limits, striving in that.
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