And when it was among the characteristics of the arrogant one who boasts of wealth to be stinginess, and since the encouragement to spend had previously been mentioned, and since what is required by the pleasure of pride and arrogance, which wealth brings, leads to stinginess out of fear of poverty that causes smallness among the people of this world, Allah, the Most High, said, describing the arrogant one or everyone: ﴿Those who are stingy﴾ meaning they create this reality with persistence ﴿and they command people﴾ meaning everyone they know ﴿to be stingy﴾ intending that they have companions who act with their vile deeds to protect them, or that they impose through their actions arrogance and extravagance in the wealth that stinginess has brought them as a trial from Allah for them. The stinginess of others is because when they see themselves magnified by wealth, they become stingy to increase their wealth and be magnified. All of this is the result of their joy in what they possess and their arrogance when they attain it. So they were commanding stinginess because they were causes for it, and the cause is like the commander in bringing something into existence.

And when the estimation is: So whoever turns towards what he has been urged [to do] of good lending and commanding what is right and forbidding what is wrong, then indeed, Allah is Appreciative and Forbearing. He then turned to [His saying] reproaching stinginess and warning against it: ﴿And whoever turns away﴾ meaning he burdens himself [with] turning away from what is in his nature of love for good and turning towards Allah ﴿then indeed, Allah﴾ meaning the One who possesses all attributes of perfection ﴿is﴾ meaning alone ﴿The Self-Sufficient﴾ meaning free from his wealth and spending, and everything is in need of Allah. ﴿The Praiseworthy﴾ meaning the One deserving of praise, whether the praisers praise Him or not. And the reading of Nafi and Ibn Amer by omitting [He is] is beneficial for restricting the subject to the predicate for identification, even though the reading of the majority is more emphatic.