Commentary
And indeed, this oath is upon this methodology. It is truly an oath, if you only knew, that if knowledge were renewed for you at a time, you would know that it is great. His swearing to us about that, while we are lesser in worth and weaker in matter, is a sign of the mercy He has, which is so great that He does not leave us without guidance. All of this is to rectify our souls by following His command and stopping at His prohibitions. Ibn Burjan said: Among His perfection, glorified and exalted is He, in His creation and wisdom in His creatures, is that He made for every occurrence of the celestial stars a rising that is named in addition to the observed occurrence without delay. This is what is referred to by His saying, the Most High: 'Lord of the two east and Lord of the two west' [Ar-Rahman: 17]. 'So which of the favors of your Lord would you deny?' [Ar-Rahman: 18]. This gathers the sun, the moon, and the stars. The stars of the moon's mansions number twenty-eight, excluding those that the sun obscures, so there are completed twenty-nine mansions that the moon seeks. Perhaps it is obscured for one night or perhaps for two nights. The moon descends in these mansions every night a mansion until it completes them for the completion of the month. As for the sun, it resides in each of its mansions for thirteen days, except for the direction in which it resides for fourteen days. Its settling in these places is then followed by the rising of the mansion that follows it, due to this being observed as a sign for it. This means that whoever reflects on these wisdoms knows what is in this oath of greatness. Abu al-Hakam elaborated on it and clarified what is in it of remarkable blessings. Then he said: And Allah bestows from His mercy as He wills, sending down from the heavens blessed water that breaks the cold of the severe cold and moistens it, and cools the heat of the blazing fire, thus balancing it. He divided the year into four seasons, completing in them His matter in the earth, its blessings, and the determining of its sustenance. He blessed it and determined its provisions in four days. Then he said: And He made this world, based on this consideration, the lesser paradise. If the division were completed in this manner, it would be completed based on the consideration of its relief from the heat and the illumination of the severe cold, and the blazing fire is the lesser Hell.
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