Tafsir for verse: 56:52
لَأٓكِلُونَ مِن شَجَرٖ مِّن زَقُّومٖ ٥٢ ﴿52
52you will have to eat from the tree of zaqqūm,
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Commentary

﴿They will eat from a tree﴾ whose origin is the fire. And when the tree is the source of delicious fruits like sidr and talh, He clarified it by saying: ﴿from zaqqum﴾. This means it is something that is extremely disliked and ugly in appearance, with a foul smell and harmfulness. Abu Abdullah al-Qazzaz said in his comprehensive work, and Abdul Haqq in his commentary: Zaqqm refers to drinking milk and excess in it. It is said: He spent the night zaqqm-ing the milk, meaning he drank it excessively. And this zaqqum mentioned by Allah, glorified and exalted is He, they said: Abu Hanifah said: Zaqqm is a small gray tree with little foliage, having no thorns, with a foul smell and a head like that of a snake on its tops, and it has blossoms that bees feed on. Its flower is white, and the head of its leaves is very ugly, and it is a pasture, and its growth is in the plain. And in the dictionary: in the dafar with the neglected dal, dafar - with movement: the occurrence of worms in food, and humiliation and foulness, and it can be made passive. And in the lexicon: dhafar - with movement: the intensity of a bad smell, like dhafarah, or it is specific to the foul smell of armpits, and the foulness and the water of the male, and dhafrah from the battalions: the rust from iron, and al-kubrah with two dammas and an ignored 'ayn: the knot of the irrigation pipe. And from al-Suhaili that Abu Hanifah mentioned in plants that there is a tree in Yemen called zaqqum that has no leaves, and its branches resemble the heads of snakes. And al-Baydawi said: It is a small-leaved tree with a bitter foul smell that is found in Tihamah. And in the dictionary: and zaqmah refers to the plague. And in al-Nihayah: it is a form of zaqm: the severe swallowing (p-217) and excessive drinking. Ibn al-Qatta' said: He zaqma zaqman: he swallowed. And it has been understood from the entirety of this speech that its interpretation is sometimes the plague and at other times excessive drinking, and from the condition and the foul and ugly tree that it is something disliked that forces its eater to indulge in it with great eagerness and determination. It is known that the one who carries it with this dislike can only be in the highest levels of dislike. Therefore, the position of His saying is very appropriate, causing it to be related to eating.

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