Commentary
And when it was previously mentioned in the context of addressing the favor of creating man, and then he mentioned the origins of the blessings upon him in a remarkable manner, until he mentioned the nourishment of his spirit: the basil, he followed that with a detailed explanation of what he summarized, saying: ﴿He created man﴾ meaning the origin of this type which is among the beings that We created the basil for, and the predominant characteristic of it is sociability with itself and with what it is accustomed to.
And when most of its elements are soil, although it is one of the four elements, he expressed a reference to it in relation to the correspondence of its name - with what it entails of sociability, which is the stability in a single state - to its named entity, the predominant element of which is soil, for its transfer and stability as long as it is not moved by a mover. He expressed that in a manner that is far from the capacity of expression, saying: ﴿from clay﴾ meaning: dry mud that has a sound when struck upon it ﴿like pottery﴾ meaning: like the manufactured earthenware that is baked in fire, for he took it from the soil and then mixed it with water until it became mud, then he left it until it became a well-defined, dark mud, then he shaped it as one shapes a pitcher and other vessels, then he dried it until it became extremely hard, so it became like pottery that when struck upon it, it produces a sound that indicates whether there is a flaw in it or not, just as a human being knows his state and the ultimate of his matter and his end by his speech. Thus, the mentioned here is the ultimate of his creation, which is most suitable for the Merciful, and at other times, it is sometimes its beginning and sometimes its creation. The earth is its mother and the water is its father, mixed with the air that carries the part which is from the heat of Hell. So from the soil is his body and his soul, and from the water is his spirit and intellect, and from the fire is his temptation and sharpness, and from the air is his movement and his turning in his praises and blame.
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